Emperor Tamarin

Taxobox
name = Emperor TamarinMSW3 Groves|pages=134]
status = LC
status_system = iucn3.1
status_ref = IUCN2006|assessors=Heymann, E.W., Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L. & Marcelino, M.|year=2003|id=39948|title=Saguinus imperator|downloaded=12 May 2006 Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern]

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image_width = 200px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
familia = Cebidae
genus = "Saguinus"
species = "S. imperator"
binomial = "Saguinus imperator "
binomial_authority = (Goeldi, 1907)

The Emperor Tamarin ("Saguinus imperator") is a tamarin allegedly named for its resemblance to the German emperor Wilhelm II. It lives in the southwest Amazon Basin, in east Peru, north Bolivia and in the west Brazilian states of Acre and Amazonas.

The fur of the Emperor Tamarin is predominantly grey colored, with yellowish speckles on its chest. The hands and feet are black and the tail is brown. Outstanding is its long, white mustache, which extends to both sides beyond the shoulders. The animal reaches a length of 24 to 26 cm (9 1/2 to 10 1/4 in), plus a 35 cm (13 3/4 in) long tail. It weighs approximately 300 to 400 g (10 1/2 to 14 oz).

This primate inhabits tropical rain forests, living deep in the forest and also in open tree-covered areas. This diurnal species walks or runs quadrupedally through the forest, spending the majority of its days in the trees with quick, safe movements and broad jumps among the limbs.

The Emperor Tamarin lives together in groups of two to eight animals. The oldest female leads the group above several mature males. Mutual grooming plays an important role for bonding and socializing. The Emperor Tamarin is known to form mixed-species associations with the Brown-mantled Tamarin ("Saguinus fuscicollis"). It has various cries which help them to promptly recognize interlopers.

The diet of the Emperor Tamarin is similar to that of other tamarins. It is an omnivore, primarily eating fruits, insects and sap. When feeding on sap, the Emperor Tamarin latches on to the tree vertically with its claws dug into the bark of the tree. It also eats bird eggs and small vertebrates (such as tree frogs). Due to its small weight it can reach food at the far end of branches, which are not accessible to heavier animals.

The Emperor Tamarin lives a polyandrous life, i.e. the mature female mates with all of the males of her harem. Gestation is 140 to 145 days, and births are typically twins (although triplets happen on occasion) as is typical of tamarins. All the males, father or not, help with the birth, care, and support of the young, carrying them and bringing them to the mother to nurse. At approximately three months they are weaned, and toward the end of the second year they are fully mature. The Emperor Tamarin's life expectancy is over 15 years. Very little is known about the population of Emperor Tamarin in the wild.

There are two subspecies of the Emperor Tamarin:
*Black-chinned Emperor Tamarin, "Saguinus imperator imperator"
*Bearded Emperor Tamarin, "Saguinus imperator subgrisescens"

References