- Mandarina
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Mandarina 
apertural view of the shell of Mandarina luhuana Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Gastropoda (unranked): clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group SigmurethraSuperfamily: Helicoidea Family: Bradybaenidae[1] Genus: Mandarina
Pilsbry, 1894[2]Diversity 17 species, 5 of them are extinct[3] Mandarina is a genus of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Bradybaenidae.[1]
Mandarina have been traditionally placed within Camaenidae.[3] Phylogenic study by Chiba (1999)[4] have found, that Mandarina is closely related to Euhadra (family Bradybaenidae) and that Mandarina have probably evolved from Euhadra.[3]
Contents
Distribution
The genus Mandarina is endemic to Ogasawara Islands.[3]
Description
The shell is solid.[3] The width of the shell is 15-80 mm.[3]
Species
Species within the genus Mandarina include:
- Mandarina anijimana[3]
- Mandarina aureola[3]
- Mandarina chichijimana[3]
- Mandarina conus[3]
- Mandarina exoptata[3]
- Mandarina hahajimana[3]
- Mandarina hirasei[3]
- Mandarina luhuana
- Mandarina mandarina[3]
- Mandarina polita[3]
- Mandarina ponderosa[3]
- Mandarina suenoae[3]
- Mandarina trifasciata[3]
Ecology
Mandarina live in various habitats including arboreal, semi-arboreal, ground habitats, wet habitats and dry habitats.[3]
References
- ^ a b Davison A. & Chiba S. (2006). "Labile ecotypes accompany rapid cladogenesis in an adaptive radiation of Mandarina (Bradybaenidae) land snails". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 88(2): 269-282. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00624.x.
- ^ Pilsbry H. A. (1894). In Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. Manual of Conchology (2)9: 214.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Chiba S. (2003). "Species Diversity and Conservation of Mandarina, an Endemic Land Snail of the Ogasawara Islands". Global Environmental Research 7: 29-37. PDF. - (2010 reprint) Restoring the Oceanic Island Ecosystem Part III: 117-125. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53859-2_18.
- ^ Chiba S. (1999). "Accelerated evolution of land snails Mandarina in the oceanic Bonin Islands: evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences". Evolution 53(2): 460-471. JSTOR.
External links
- Mandarina at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website.
- Mandarina: A Microcosm of Biodiversity
- Davison A. & Chiba S. (2006). "The recent history and population structure of five Mandarina snail species from subtropical Ogasawara (Bonin Islands, Japan)". Molecular Ecology 15(10): 2905-2919. PubMed, doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02990.x.
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