- Franz Xaver Niemetschek
Franz Xaver Niemetschek (Czech František Xaver Němeček; Polish Niemeczek) (b.
Sadska ,Bohemia ,24 July 1766 ; diedVienna 19 March 1849 ) was a Czechphilosopher ,teacher andmusic critic . He wrote the first full-length biography ofWolfgang Amadeus Mozart which has remained an important source of information about the composer.Life
Niemetschek (who always spelt his name "Nemetschek") came from a large, musical family. He received his schooling in
Prague at the Gymnasium and read philosophy at the university. He taughtpoetry andLatin at the Gymnasiums inPilsen and started a music publishing business. In 1800 he was awarded a doctorate and in 1802 he became professor atPrague University , lecturing onlogic ,ethics andpedagogy . The composerJan Hugo Vořišek was one of his pupils. He was made a freeman ofPilsen andPrague for his many valuable contributions to the arts, e.g. as director of the institute for thedeaf and dumb . He wrote books on music history. He lived near the residence of Josepha Duschekova in theLiechtenstein Palace in the Lesser Quarters of Prague, and was a frequent visitor at the musical gatherings inBertramka . In 1820 he retired toVienna after disagreements with the university authorities.Niemetschek was one of the first
music critics inPrague . He saw theSingspiel as the principal factor in the decline of musical standards in the city.Niemetschek died in Vienna at the age of 89 and is buried in
St Marx’ Cemetery, Vienna . Unfortunately his estate, which contained many valuable documents, is now lost.His Mozart biography
Mozart's widow Constanze made many documents available to him for his research. His book "Leben des k.k.Kapellmeisters Wolfgang Gottlieb Mozart" was published in 1798. Later, in 1808, it was published in an altered form with the title "Lebensbeschreibung des k.k. Kapellmeisters Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart". Niemetschek claimed to have had a long association with Mozart, but the lack of direct quotations or citings of personal conversations makes modern scholars wonder whether his claims were possibly exaggerated. However, he welcomed Mozart’s two surviving sons into his home in the Lesser Quarter and became a foster father figure to them.
As the biography makes clear, Niemetschek was very proud of his Czech nationality, and he strongly emphasizes the warm reception that Mozart received during his visits to Vienna. See
Mozart and Prague .Based on research by Austrian scholar
Walther Brauneis severe doubt has recently been cast on the veracity of Niemetschek's claim that he actually made Mozart's personal acquaintance. [Walther Brauneis: "Franz Xaver Niemetschek: Sein Umgang mit Mozart – Eine Legende?", Internationaler Musikwissenschaftlicher Kongreß zum Mozartjahr 1991, Baden-Vienna, ed. Ingrid Fuchs, (Hans Schneider, Tutzing 1993), pp. 491-503.]Notes
References
*"Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians", edited by Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN 1-56159-174-2
*Salfellner, Harold (2003) "Mozart and Prague". Vitalis. ISBN 80-7253-069-0.External links
* [http://aproposmozart.com/Cambridge%20Moz.Encyclo.--Comments%2023.7.07.pdf A summary of Brauneis's article by Bruce C. Clarke]
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