Kingdom of Cusco

Infobox Former Country
native_name = aut|Curacazgo Inca
conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Cusco
common_name = Kingdom of Cusco
continent = South America
region = Andes
country = Peru
era = Pre-Columbian
government_type = Monarchy
year_start = 1197
year_end = 1438
event_pre =
event_start = Manco Capac organized the Kingdom of Cusco
event_end = Pachacutec created the Tawantinsuyu
p1 =
flag_p1 =
s1 = Inca Empire
flag_s1 = Banner of the Inca Empire (center).svg


image_map_caption = Map of the Kigdom of Cusco.
capital = Cusco
(1197-1438)
common_languages = Quechua, Puquina.
religion = Inca religion
title_leader = Sapa Inca
leader1 = Manco Capac
leader2 = Sinchi Roca
leader3 = Lloque Yupanqui
leader4 = Mayta Capac
leader5 = Capac Yupanqui
leader6 = Inca Roca
leader7 = Yahuar Huacac
leader8 = Viracocha (Inca)|Viracocha
year_leader1 = 1200-1230
year_leader2 = 1230-1260
year_leader3 = 1260-1290
year_leader4 = 1290-1320
year_leader5 = 1320-1350
year_leader6 = 1350-1380
year_leader7 = 1380-1410
year_leader8 = 1410-1438
stat_area1 = 40000

History

The Inca people began as a tribe in the Cuzco area around the 12th century AD. Under the leadership of Manco Capac, they formed the small city-state of Cuzco (Quechua "Qosqo"), shown in red on the map.

In 1438 AD, under the command of Sapa Inca (paramount leader) Pachacutec, whose name literally meant "world-shaker", they began a far-reaching expansion. The land Pachacutec conquered was about the size of the Thirteen Colonies of the United States in 1776, and consisted of nearly the entire Andes mountain range.Pachacutec reorganized the kingdom of Cuzco into an empire, the Tahuantinsuyu, a federalist system which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provincial governments with strong leaders: Chinchasuyu (NW), Antisuyu (NE), Contisuyu (SW), and Collasuyu (SE). Pachacuti is also thought to have built Machu Picchu, either as a family home or as a vacational retreat.

apa Incas

First dynasty

The Sapa Inca of the first dynasty of the Kingdom of Cuzco were, in order, Manco Capac, Sinchi Roca, Lloque Yupanqui, Mayta Capac, and Capac Yupanqui. Little is known of these early rulers, but as a rough guide, in later years "capac" meant warlord and "sinchi" meant leader. The beginning of the dynasty is generally taken as about 1200 CE.

econd dynasty

The Sapa Inca of the second dynasty of the Kingdom of Cuzco were, in order, Inca Roca, Yahuar Huacac, Viracocha, and Pachacuti (considered also the first Sapa Inca of the Tawantinsuyu). The second dynasty marked the transition in dominance from the hurin to hanan family.

Notes

Bibliography

*es icon María Rostworowski. "Enciclopedia Temática del Perú: Incas". Lima: El Comercio S.A., 2004.
*es icon Editorial Sol 90. "Historia Universal 5: América precolombina". Barcelona, España, 2002.
*en icon Bushnell. "Peru, Ancient people and places".
*en icon MacQuarrie, Kim. The Last Days of the Incas. Simon & Schuster, 2007. ISBN 978-0743260497.