Jamón serrano

Infobox Prepared Food
name = Jamón serrano


caption = A slice of jamón serrano
alternate_name =
country = Spain
region =
creator =
course = Appetiser
served = Cold
main_ingredient = Ham
variations = Jamón ibérico
calories =
other =

Jamón serrano (literally "mountain ham") is a type of jamón (dry-cured Spanish ham), which is generally served raw in thin slices, similar to the Italian prosciutto. A foreleg prepared (and eaten) in the same manner is called "paleta".

Preparation

The fresh hams are trimmed and cleaned, then stacked and covered with salt for about two weeks in order to draw off excess moisture and preserve the meat from spoiling. The salt is then washed off and the hams are hung to dry for about six months. Finally, the hams are hung in a cool, dry place for six to eighteen months, depending on the climate, as well as the size and type of ham being cured. The drying sheds ("secaderos") are usually built at higher elevations, which is why the ham is called "mountain ham".

Availability

The majority of Serrano hams are made from the "Landrace" breed of white pig and are not to be confused with the much more expensive and entirely different Jamón ibérico. These hams were known as a delicacy even in the days of the Roman Empire. Though not expensive in Spain and the European Union, duties imposed on imported meats and exchange rates makes these hams more costly outside the Union. Where available, the meat can usually be purchased sliced, in chunks, or as a complete, bone-in ham.

Serrano has TSG Status [ [http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/foodqual/quali1_en.htm EC PDO/PGI/TSG List] ] .

Other hams

There are many producers of Spanish hams but the level of quality can be judged by the following:
*The type of pig

*The way the pig has been fed

*The part of the pig used to make the ham

*The way the ham is cured

The four major quality categories of cured ham are as follows, from highest to lowest quality:

*"Jamón Iberico de Bellota": Free-range, acorn-fed Iberian pigs

*"Jamón Iberico de Recebo:" Acorn, pasture and compound-fed Iberian pigs

*"Jamón Iberico de Campo:" (Sometimes just "Jamón Iberico" in short and also known as Jamón de Pata Negra). Compound-fed Iberian pigs. "Pata negra" (literally "black hoof"), which only accounts for about five percent of total ham production, is made from the Black Iberian Pig ("cerdo ibérico"). The best varieties of pata negra are range fed and fattened on acorns in cork oak groves along the southern border between Spain and Portugal. (see the two subcategories above)

*"Jamón Serrano:" (also known as Jamón Reserva, Jamón Curado and Jamón Extra). Compound-fed white pigs.

See also

* Ham, particularly the section on Spain
* Jamón
* Jamón ibérico
* Pata negra

References