William Cruickshank (chemist)

William Cruickshank (chemist)

William Cruickshank (died 1810 or 1811) was a Scottish military surgeon and chemist, professor of chemistry at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich.

Some authors credit Cruickshank with first suspecting an unknown substance in a Scottish mineral, strontianate, found near Strontian, in Argyleshire. Other authors name Adair Crawford for the discovery of this new earth due to the mineral's property of imparting a redding color to a flameA Handbook to a Collection of the Minerals of the British Islands... by Frederick William Rudler publ. HMSO (1905) page 211(available [http://books.google.com/books?id=WaQLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA211&dq=william+cruikshank+strontium&as_brr=1 digitized] by Google)] . It was later isolated by Humphry Davy and is now known as strontium.

In 1802, Cruickshank improved the construction of Alessandro Volta's voltaic pile, by arranging the plates horizontally in a trough rather than vertically in a column. Electricity by Robert M Ferguson, publ. Chambers (1873) page 169 (available [http://books.google.com/books?id=ISoJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA169&dq=william+cruikshank+strontium&as_brr=1 digitized] by Google).]

References


*K. D. Watson, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/57592 ‘Cruickshank, William (d. 1810/11)’] , "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008


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