Supreme Head

Supreme Head of the Church of England was a title held by King Henry VIII of England signifying his leadership of the Church of England.

History

The title was created for King Henry VIII, who was responsible for the English church breaking away from the authority of the Roman Catholic Church after the Pope excommunicated Henry in 1533 over his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. By 1536 Henry had broken with Rome, seized the church's assets in England and declared the Church of England as the established church with himself as its head. The Act of Supremacy of 1534 confirmed the King's status as having supremacy over the church and required the nobility to swear an oath recognising Henry's supremacy. [ [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07222a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Henry Viii ] ] Henry's daughter, Queen Mary I, attempted to restore the English church's allegiance to the pope and repealed the Act of Supremacy in 1555. [ [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09766a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Mary Tudor ] ] Elizabeth took the throne in 1558 and, the next year, Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy of 1559 that restored the original act. [ [http://history.hanover.edu/texts/engref/er79.html Elizabeth's Supremacy Act (1559) ] ] The new Oath of Supremacy that nobles were required to swear gave the monarch's title as "Supreme Governor" of the church rather than "Supreme Head".

References