- Lionel Wafer
Lionel Wafer (1640-1705) was a Welsh explorer,
buccaneer andprivateer .A ship's
surgeon , Wafer made several voyages to theSouth Seas and visited theMalay archipelago in 1676. The following year he settled in Jamaica to practise his profession. In 1679, however, two noted buccaneers named Cook and Linen convinced him to become a surgeon for their fleet.In 1680, Wafer met
William Dampier at Cartagena and joined in a privateering venture under the leadership ofBartholomew Sharp .After a quarrel during an arduous overland journey, Wafer was
marooned with four others in theIsthmus of Darien , where he stayed with theCuna Indians . He spent his time gathering information about their culture, including theirshamanism and a short vocabulary of their language. He also studied the natural history of the isthmus. The following year later, Wafer left the Indians, promising to return and marry the chief's sister and bring back dogs from England. He fooled the buccaneers at first as he was dressed as an Indian, wearing body-paint and ornamented with a nose-ring. It took them some time to recognise him.Wafer reunited with Dampier, and after privateering with him on the
Spanish Main until 1688, he settled inPhiladelphia .By 1690 Wafer was back in England. In 1695 he published "A New Voyage and Description of the Isthmus of America", describing his adventures. It was translated into French (1706), German (1759), and Swedish (1789).
The Darien Company hired him as an adviser when it was planning its settlement on the isthmus in 1698.
He died in London in 1705.
References
* "A New Voyage and Description of the Isthmus of America", Lionel Wafer. Edited by L.E. Elliott Joyce (Oxford: Hakluyt Society, 1933). Excerpt from the [http://web.princeton.edu/sites/english/eng321/WAFER.HTM 1729 Knapton edition] .
*
[http://famousamericans.net/lionelwafer/ "Lionel Wafer"] , Virtual American Biographies Book I: Continental Discovery to 1899. * [http://www.cindyvallar.com/Dampier.html "A Buccaneer More Interested in Nature than Gold"] , by Cindy Vallar, about Lionel Wafer's and William Dampier's common adventures.
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.