Tympanum (architecture)

Tympanum (architecture)

A tympanum (plural, tympana) is the semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance bounded by a lintel and arch. [cite web
url=http://www.indoarch.org/arch_glossary.php
title=Glossary - Tympanum
publisher=Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent
accessdate=2007-06-28] It often contains sculptures or other ornaments. [cite web
url=http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/menuglossary/tympanum.htm
title= Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture - tympanum
publisher=University of Pittsburgh
accessdate=2007-06-23] Most architectural styles include this element. [cite web
url=http://freenet.buffalo.edu/bah/a/DCTNRY/t/tym.html
title= Illustrated Architecture Dictionary - Tympanum
publisher=freenet.buffalo.edu
accessdate=2007-06-25] The tympanum was invented in ancient Egypt in the first half of the 3rd century BC, and later appears in Greek, Christian and Islamic architecture. [Donald Routledge Hill (1996), "Engineering", in Roshdi Rashed, "Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science", Vol. 3, p. 751-795 [769] .] In Greek and Christian architecture, tympanums usually contained religious scenes. [cite web
url=http://www.ontarioarchitecture.com/tympanum.htm
title=Tympanum
publisher=www.OntarioArchitecture.com
accessdate=2007-06-25]

Bands of molding surrounding the tympanum are referred to as the archivolt. [cite web
url=http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/menuglossary/archivolt.htm
title= Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture - archivolt
publisher=University of Pittsburgh
accessdate=2007-06-23]

Gallery



ee also

* Gable
* Portal

Notes

External links

* [http://www.circuloromanico.com El Portal del Arte Románico] Visigothic, Mozarabe and Romanesque art in Spain.
* [http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/chartreswest/centralportal.html Sculpted tympanums Chartres Cathedral, West Front, Central Portal]
* [http://www.conques.com/visite5.htm Tympanum of the last Judgment - western portal of the abbey-church of Saint Foy]
* [http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_de_l%E2%80%99architecture_fran%C3%A7aise_du_XIe_au_XVIe_si%C3%A8cle_-_Tome_9%2C_Tympan Dictionnaire raisonné de l’architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle - Tome 9, Tympan]


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  • Tympanum — or timpanum or thympanon (Latin form) or tympanon (Greek form) may mean: * In biology, tympanum ndash; Eardrums * In classical architecture, tympanum is an architectural element located within the arch or Pediment * In music, timpano ndash;… …   Wikipedia

  • Architecture of Portugal — refers to the architecture practised in the territory of present day Portugal since before the foundation of the country, in the 12th century. The term may also refer to buildings created under Portuguese influence or by Portuguese architects… …   Wikipedia

  • tympanum — ► NOUN (pl. tympanums or tympana) 1) Anatomy & Zoology the eardrum. 2) Architecture a vertical recessed triangular space forming the centre of a pediment or over a door. DERIVATIVES tympanic adjective. ORIGIN Greek tumpanon drum …   English terms dictionary

  • Architecture of Cambodia — The period of Angkor is the period from approximately the latter half of the 8th century A.D. to the first half of the 15th century. If precise dates are required, the beginning may be set in 802 A.D., when the Khmer King Jayavarman II pronounced …   Wikipedia

  • tympanum — /tim peuh neuhm/, n., pl. tympanums, tympana / neuh/. 1. Anat., Zool. a. See middle ear. b. See tympanic membrane. 2. Archit. a. the recessed, usually triangular space enclosed between the horizontal and sloping cornices of a pediment, often… …   Universalium

  • architecture — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) Building design Nouns 1. architectural or building design, form; architectural or structural engineering; landscape architecture or gardening; architectonics. See building. 2. (architectural styles) a.… …   English dictionary for students

  • tympanum — tym·pa·num || tɪmpÉ™nÉ™m n. middle ear (Biology); eardrum, tympanic membrane (Biology); membrane covering a drum; triangular recess on a pediment or below an arch (Architecture); diaphragm in a telephone receiver …   English contemporary dictionary

  • tympanum —    In architecture, the half round panel that fills the space between the lintel and the arch over a Romanesque or Gothic doorway. It is a perfect place for relief carvings …   Glossary of Art Terms

  • tympanum — [ tɪmpənəm] noun (plural tympanums or tympana nə) 1》 Anatomy & Zoology the membrane forming part of the organ of hearing, which vibrates in response to sound waves; the eardrum. 2》 Architecture a vertical recessed triangular space forming the… …   English new terms dictionary

  • tympanum — /ˈtɪmpənəm / (say timpuhnuhm), /tɪmˈpanəm/ (say tim pahnuhm) noun (plural tympanums or tympana /ˈtɪmpənə/ (say timpuhnuh)) 1. Anatomy, Zoology the middle ear, comprising that part of the ear situated in a recess of the temporal bone. 2. →… …  

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