Gasparo Berti

Gasparo Berti (c. 1600 – 1643) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist. He was probably born in Mantua and spent most of his life in Rome.cite web|title=IMSS - Multimedia Catalogue - Biographies - Gasparo Berti|url=http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/museum/esim.asp?c=300059] He is most famous today for his experiment in which he unknowingly created the first working barometer. [cite web|title=Weather Doctor's Weather People and History: The Invention of the Barometer|url=http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/history/barometerhistory1.htm] Though he was best known for his work in mathematics and physics, little of his work in either survives.cite web|title=The Galileo Project|url=http://galileo.rice.edu/Catalog/NewFiles/berti.html]

In 1630, Giovanni Batista Baliani sent a letter to Galileo Galilei after he noticed that his syphon could not raise water more than about thirty-four feet. Galileo proposed that a vacuum held the water up and that it could not hold any more.cite web|title=Strange Loops - History of the Barometer|url=http://www.strange-loops.com/scibarometer.html] At the time the existence of vacuums was controversial.

Upon reading Gallileo's theory in his "Discorsi", Berti and another named Rafael Magiotti devised an experiment to test the existence of a vacuum. Some time between 1640 and 1643, Berti built a thirty-six foot lead tube, filled it with water, and sealed both ends. He submerged one end in water and unsealed it. Though some of the water flowed out, much of it remained, filling about thirty-four feet of the tube, the same height of Baliani's syphon. Berti claimed that the space above was filled with a vacuum. His claim was strongly contested, and multiple experiments were performed attempting to disprove the existence of a vacuum. This experiment led to Evangelista Torricelli's research into the weight of air and his invention of the barometer.

He was a chair of mathematics at the University of Rome La Sapienza. He was to succeed Benedetto Castelli as professor of mathematics, but he died before he could begin teaching. He also mapped the Roman catacombs.

References

Further reading

DSB
first=Stillman
last=Drake
title=Berti, Gasparo
volume=2
pages=83-84

ee also

* Evangelista Torricelli
* Galileo Galilei