John M. Darby

John M. Darby (September 3 or September 27, 1804 - September 18, 1877) was an American botanist, chemist, and academic. He created the first systematic catalogue of flora in the southeastern United States.

Darby was born in North Adams, Massachusetts in 1804. At the age of ten, his father died, and he was apprenticed to a fuller. At the age of 23, he entered Williams College, and graduating with an Artium Magister degree from that institution in 1831. After graduation, he was an instructor at Williamstown Academy, and later at Barhamville Seminary in Columbia, South Carolina. ["The Auburn Male College", "Alabama Historical Quarterly, vol. 18--1956" (1956), 168-175.] In 1841, he published the first compilation of the botany of the southern United States in his "A manual of botany", a companion work to Amos Eaton's "Manual of Botany for the Northern States". [David G. Frodin, "Guide to Standard Floras of the World, 2nd ed." (Cambridge University Press, 2001), 210.] He was named professor of natural sciences at Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia in 1842. In 1845, Darby returned to Williams College as Professor of Mathematics, but returned South a year later to teach again at Barhamville. In 1848, he became principal of the Sigourney Institute in Culloden, Georgia, a school he helped found. [Durfee, "A History of Williams College" (Boston: A. Williams and Company, 1860), 265-266; Wilson and Fiske, et al., "John Darbi", "Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography"; "The Auburn Male College", "Alabama Historical Quarterly, vol. 18--1956", 168-175.]

In 1855, he became president and professor of natural science of the Auburn Masonic Female College--today Auburn High School--in Auburn, Alabama. While at Auburn, he expanded his "A manual of botany" to the more comprehensive "Botany of the Southern States", and published a textbook on chemistry. ["Alabama Historical Quarterly, vol. 18--1956", 168-175; Frodin, "Guide to Standard Floras of the World, 2nd ed.", 210; John Darby, "Text book of Chemistry, Theoretical and Practical", (New York: A.S. Barnes and Co., 1860)] In addition, he began producing and selling a patent medicine disinfectant known as "Darby's Prophylactic Fluid", which gained wide use throughout the Southeast. [Mickey Logue and Jack Simms, "Auburn, A Pictorial History of the Lovliest Village" (Norfolk: The Donning Company, 1981), 24.] In 1856, he helped found East Alabama Male College in Auburn, which is today Auburn University. When the East Alabama College opened in 1859, he was appointed professor of natural science at that school, a position he held concurrently with his position at the Auburn Female College. [Logue and Simms, "Auburn, A Pictorial History of the Lovliest Village", 25.]

Darby remained professor at Auburn until 1869, when he was elected president of Wesleyan University in Millersburg, Kentucky. In 1875, he resigned that position and moved to New York, New York, where he died in 1877. ["John Darbi", "Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography"]

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