Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15

SNORD15 (also known as U15) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U15 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs [cite journal | last = Galardi | first = S | coauthors = Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I | year = 2002 | title = Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro | journal = Mol Cell Biol | volume = 22 | pages = 6663–6668 | pmid = 12215523 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002] . U15 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3764 cite journal | author = Kiss-László Z, Henry Y, Bachellerie JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Kiss T | title = Site-specific ribose methylation of preribosomal RNA: a novel function for small nucleolar RNAs | journal = Cell | volume = 85 | issue = 7 | pages = 1077–88 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8674114 | doi = | issn = ] cite journal | last = Lestrade | first = L | coauthors = Weber MJ | year = 2006 | title = snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 34 | pages = D158–D162 | pmid = 16381836 | doi = 10.1093/nar/gkj002 ] .

In humans there are two closely related copies of the U15 snoRNA (called SNORD15A and SNORD15B). They are both encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S3 cite journal | author = Tycowski KT, Shu MD, Steitz JA | title = A small nucleolar RNA is processed from an intron of the human gene encoding ribosomal protein S3 | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 7 | issue = 7A | pages = 1176–90 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8319909 | doi = | issn = ] . In "Xenopus laevis" it is located within the introns of ribosomal protein S1 cite journal | author = Pellizzoni L, Crosio C, Campioni N, Loreni F, Pierandrei-Amaldi P | title = Different forms of U15 snoRNA are encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S1 gene of Xenopus laevis | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 22 | issue = 22 | pages = 4607–13 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7984408 | doi = | issn = ]

snoR75 from "Arabidopsis thaliana"cite journal | author = Barneche F, Gaspin C, Guyot R, Echeverría M | title = Identification of 66 box C/D snoRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive gene duplications generated multiple isoforms predicting new ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylation sites | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 311 | issue = 1 | pages = 57–73 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11469857 | doi = 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4851 | issn = ] and homologues in rice "Oryza sativa" and other plants are alternatively known as U15, and, despite a significantly shorter sequence length, appear to be related cite journal | author = Brown JW, Echeverria M, Qu LH, "et al" | title = Plant snoRNA database | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 31 | issue = 1 | pages = 432–5 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12520043 | doi = | issn = ] .

References

External links

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* [http://www-snorna.biotoul.fr/plus.php?id=U15a snoRNABase entry for SNORD15A]
* [http://www-snorna.biotoul.fr/plus.php?id=U15b snoRNABase entry for SNORD15B]