List of mammals in Iraq

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Iraq. There are 78 mammal species in Iraq, of which 0 are critically endangered, 1 is endangered, 11 are vulnerable, and 3 are near-threatened.1 of the species listed for Iraq can no longer be found in the wild. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

----Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

**Family: Dugongidae
***Genus: "Dugong"
**** Dugong "Dugong dugon" VU

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Sciurinae
****Tribe: Sciurini
*****Genus: "Sciurus"
****** Caucasian Squirrel "Sciurus anomalus" LR/nt
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Leithiinae
****Genus: "Dryomys"
***** Forest dormouse "Dryomys nitedula" LR/nt
****Genus: "Eliomys"
***** Asian Garden Dormouse "Eliomys melanurus" LC
**Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
***Subfamily: Allactaginae
****Genus: "Allactaga"
***** Euphrates Jerboa "Allactaga euphratica" LR/nt
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Spalacinae
****Genus: "Nannospalax"
***** Palestine Mole Rat "Nannospalax ehrenbergi" LC
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Cricetinae
****Genus: "Cricetulus"
***** Gray Dwarf Hamster "Cricetulus migratorius" LR/nt
****Genus: "Mesocricetus"
***** Turkish hamster "Mesocricetus brandti" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Arvicolinae
****Genus: "Microtus"
***** Günther's Vole "Microtus guentheri" LR/nt
***** Persian Vole "Microtus irani" LR/lc
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: "Acomys"
***** Cairo Spiny Mouse "Acomys cahirinus" LC
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: "Gerbillus"
***** Cheesman's Gerbil "Gerbillus cheesmani" LR/lc
***** Wagner's Gerbil "Gerbillus dasyurus" LR/lc
***** "Gerbillus mesopotamiae" LR/lc
***** "Gerbillus nanus" LC
****Genus: "Meriones"
***** Sundevall's Jird "Meriones crassus" LC
***** Libyan Jird "Meriones libycus" LC
***** Persian Jird "Meriones persicus" LR/lc
***** Tristram's Jird "Meriones tristrami" LR/lc
****Genus: "Tatera"
***** Indian Gerbil "Tatera indica" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: "Apodemus"
***** Persian Field Mouse "Apodemus arianus" LR/lc
***** Broad-toothed Field Mouse "Apodemus mystacinus" LR/lc
***** Black Sea Field Mouse "Apodemus ponticus" LR/lc
****Genus: "Nesokia"
***** Bunn's Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat "Nesokia bunnii" LR/nt
***** Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat "Nesokia indica" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: "Lepus"
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc
*** European Hare "Lepus europaeus" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: "Hemiechinus"
**** Desert Hedgehog "Hemiechinus aethiopicus" LR/lc
**** Long-eared Hedgehog "Hemiechinus auritus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: "Crocidura"
**** Bicolored Shrew "Crocidura leucodon" LR/lc
**** Lesser White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura suaveolens" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: "Myotis"
**** Lesser Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis blythii" LR/lc
**** Long-fingered Bat "Myotis capaccinii" VU
**** Natterer's bat "Myotis nattereri" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: "Eptesicus"
**** Botta's Serotine "Eptesicus bottae" LC
**** Sind Bat "Eptesicus nasutus" VU
**** Northern Bat "Eptesicus nilssoni" LR/lc
***Genus: "Otonycteris"
**** Desert Long-eared Bat "Otonycteris hemprichii" LR/lc
***Genus: "Pipistrellus"
**** Kuhl's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus kuhlii" LC
**** Rüppel's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rueppelli" LC
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: "Miniopterus"
**** Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus schreibersii" LC
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: "Rhinopoma"
*** Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma hardwickei" LC
*** Greater Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma microphyllum" LC
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: "Tadarida"
*** European Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida teniotis" LR/lc
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: "Rhinolophus"
**** Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus euryale" VU
**** Greater Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum" LR/nt
**** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC
**** Mehely's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus mehelyi" VU

Order: Cetacea (whales)

----The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Mysticeti
**Family: Balaenopteridae
***Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
****Genus: "Balaenoptera"
***** Bryde's Whale "Balaenoptera edeni" DD
***Subfamily: Megapterinae
****Genus: "Megaptera"
***** Humpback Whale "Megaptera novaeangliae" VU
*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Phocoenidae
****Genus: "Neophocaena"
***** Finless Porpoise "Neophocaena phocaenoides" DD
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: "Sousa"
***** "Sousa chinensis" DD
****Genus: "Grampus"
***** Risso's Dolphin "Grampus griseus" DD
****Genus: "Pseudorca"
***** False Killer Whale "Pseudorca crassidens" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: "Acinonyx"
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: "Caracal"
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: "Felis"
***** Jungle Cat "Felis chaus" LC
***** Sand Cat "Felis margarita" NT
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: "Lynx"
***** Eurasian Lynx "Lynx lynx" NT
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: "Panthera"
***** Lion "Panthera leo" VU
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: "Hyaena"
**** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: "Vulpes"
**** Rueppell's Fox "Vulpes rueppelli" DD
***Genus: "Canis"
**** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" LC
**** Gray Wolf "Canis lupus" LC
**Family: Ursidae (bears)
***Genus: "Ursus"
**** Brown Bear "Ursus arctos" LR/lc
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: "Vormela"
**** Marbled Polecat "Vormela peregusna" LR/lc
***Genus: "Mellivora"
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
***Genus: "Meles"
**** Eurasian Badger "Meles meles" LR/lc
***Genus: "Lutra"
**** European Otter "Lutra lutra" NT
***Genus: "Lutrogale"
**** Smooth-coated Otter "Lutrogale perspicillata" VU

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Cervidae (deer)
**Subfamily: Cervinae
***Genus: "Dama"
**** Fallow Deer "Dama dama" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Capreolinae
***Genus: "Capreolus"
**** Roe Deer "Capreolus capreolus" LR/lc
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: "Gazella"
**** Saudi Gazelle "Gazella saudiya" EW
**** Goitered Gazelle "Gazella subgutturosa" VU
**Subfamily: Caprinae
***Genus: "Capra"
**** Wild Goat "Capra aegagrus" VU
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: "Oryx"
**** Arabian Oryx "Oryx leucoryx" EN

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=IQ&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=?
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
* Hatt, R. T. 1959 The mammals of Iraq. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan No. 106. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/56350

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species