List of mammals in Somalia

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Somalia. There are 177 mammal species in Somalia, of which 2 are critically endangered, 1 is endangered, 12 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)

----

The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora.

***Family: Chrysochloridae
****Subfamily: Amblysominae
*****Genus: Calcochloris
****** Somali Golden Mole "Calcochloris tytonis" DD

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant-shrews)

----

Often called sengisi, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

***Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews)
****Genus: Elephantulus
***** Somali Sengi "Elephantulus revoili" DD
***** Rufous Sengi "Elephantulus rufescens" LC

Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)

----The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the Aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

***Family: Orycteropodidae
****Genus: Orycteropus
***** Aardvark "Orycteropus afer" LC

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

***Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
****Genus: Heterohyrax
***** Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax "Heterohyrax brucei" LC
****Genus: Procavia
***** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

----The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

***Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
****Genus: Loxodonta
***** African Bush Elephant "Loxodonta africana" VU

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

----Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

***Family: Dugongidae
****Genus: Dugong
***** Dugong "Dugong dugon" VU

Order: Primates

----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Strepsirrhini
**Infraorder: Lorisiformes
****Family: Galagidae
*****Genus: Galago
****** Somali Galago "Galago gallarum" LR/nt
****** Zanzibar Bushbaby "Galago zanzibaricus" LR/nt
*****Genus: Otolemur
****** Northern Greater Galago "Otolemur garnettii" LR/lc
*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Catarrhini
****Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
*****Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
******Genus: Erythrocebus
******* Patas Monkey "Erythrocebus patas" LR/lc
******Genus: Cercopithecus
******* Chlorocebus "Cercopithecus aethiops" LR/lc
******* Blue Monkey "Cercopithecus mitis" LR/lc
******Genus: Papio
******* Olive Baboon "Papio anubis" LR/lc
******* Yellow Baboon "Papio cynocephalus" LR/lc
******* Hamadryas Baboon "Papio hamadryas" LR/nt

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
**Family: Bathyergidae
***Genus: Heterocephalus
**** Naked Mole Rat "Heterocephalus glaber" LC
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
***Genus: Hystrix
**** Crested Porcupine "Hystrix cristata" LC
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Xerinae
****Tribe: Xerini
*****Genus: Xerus
****** Unstriped Ground Squirrel "Xerus rutilus" LC
****Tribe: Protoxerini
*****Genus: Paraxerus
****** Ochre Bush Squirrel "Paraxerus ochraceus" LC
****** Red Bush Squirrel "Paraxerus palliatus" LC
**Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
***Subfamily: Dipodinae
****Genus: Jaculus
***** Lesser Egyptian Jerboa "Jaculus jaculus" LC
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae
****Genus: Tachyoryctes
***** East African Mole Rat "Tachyoryctes splendens" LC
**Family: Nesomyidae
***Subfamily: Cricetomyinae
****Genus: Saccostomus
***** Mearns's Pouched Mouse "Saccostomus mearnsi" LC
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Lophiomyinae
****Genus: Lophiomys
***** Maned Rat "Lophiomys imhausi" LC
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: Acomys
***** Fiery Spiny Mouse "Acomys ignitus" LC
***** Kemp's Spiny Mouse "Acomys kempi" LC
***** Louise's Spiny Mouse "Acomys louisae" LC
***** Mullah Spiny Mouse "Acomys mullah" LC
***** Percival's Spiny Mouse "Acomys percivali" LC
***** Wilson's Spiny Mouse "Acomys wilsoni" LC
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: Ammodillus
***** Ammodile "Ammodillus imbellis" DD
****Genus: Gerbillus
***** "Gerbillus acticola" DD
***** Brockman's Gerbil "Gerbillus brockmani" DD
***** Somalia Gerbil "Gerbillus dunni" DD
***** "Gerbillus juliani" LC
***** Rosalinda Gerbil "Gerbillus rosalinda" DD
***** "Gerbillus ruberrimus" LC
***** "Gerbillus somalicus" DD
****Genus: Microdillus
***** Somali Pygmy Gerbil "Microdillus peeli" LC
****Genus: Tatera
***** Black-tailed Gerbil "Tatera nigricauda" LC
***** Phillip's Gerbil "Tatera phillipsi" LC
***** Fring-tailed Gerbil "Tatera robusta" LC
****Genus: Taterillus
***** Harrington's Tateril "Taterillus harringtoni" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Arvicanthis
***** Somali Grass Rat "Arvicanthis somalicus" DD
****Genus: Grammomys
***** Gray-headed Thicket Rat "Grammomys caniceps" DD
****Genus: Mastomys
***** Natal Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys natalensis" LC
****Genus: Mus
***** Delicate Mouse "Mus tenellus" LC
****Genus: Myomyscus
***** Brockman's Myomyscus "Myomyscus brockmani" LC
****Genus: Thallomys
***** Acacia rat "Thallomys paedulcus" LC
**Family: Ctenodactylidae
***Genus: Pectinator
**** Speke's Pectinator "Pectinator spekei" DD

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Lepus
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc
*** Abyssinian Hare "Lepus habessinicus" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: Atelerix
**** Four-toed Hedgehog "Atelerix albiventris" LR/lc
**** Somali Hedgehog "Atelerix sclateri" LR/lc
***Genus: Hemiechinus
**** Desert Hedgehog "Hemiechinus aethiopicus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Greenwood's Shrew "Crocidura greenwoodi" LC
**** Macarthur's Shrew "Crocidura macarthuri" LC
**** Dwarf White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura nana" DD
**** Desert Musk Shrew "Crocidura smithii" LC
**** Somali Shrew "Crocidura somalica" LC
**** Savanna Path Shrew "Crocidura viaria" LC
**** Voi Shrew "Crocidura voi" LC
**** Yankari Shrew "Crocidura yankariensis" LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: Eidolon
**** Straw-coloured Fruit Bat "Eidolon helvum" LC
***Genus: Epomophorus
**** East African Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus minimus" LC
**** Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus wahlbergi" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Eptesicus
**** Botta's Serotine "Eptesicus bottae" LC
***Genus: Glauconycteris
**** Butterfly Bat "Glauconycteris variegata" LC
***Genus: Hypsugo
**** Eisentraut's Pipistrelle "Hypsugo eisentrauti" DD
***Genus: Neoromicia
**** Cape Serotine "Neoromicia capensis" LC
**** Heller's Pipistrelle "Neoromicia helios" DD
**** Banana Pipistrelle "Neoromicia nanus" LC
**** Rendall's Serotine "Neoromicia rendalli" LC
**** Somali Serotine "Neoromicia somalicus" LC
***Genus: Nycticeinops
**** Schlieffen's Twilight Bat "Nycticeinops schlieffeni" LC
***Genus: Pipistrellus
**** Egyptian Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus deserti" LC
**** Kuhl's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus kuhlii" LC
***Genus: Scotoecus
**** White-bellied Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus albigula" DD
**** Hinde's Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus hindei" DD
**** Dark-winged Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus hirundo" DD
***Genus: Scotophilus
**** African Yellow Bat "Scotophilus dinganii" LC
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: Rhinopoma
*** Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma hardwickei" LC
*** Macinnes's Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma macinnesi" VU
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Chaerephon
*** Little Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon pumila" LC
**Genus: Mops
*** Angolan Free-tailed Bat "Mops condylurus" LC
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: Coleura
*** African Sheath-tailed Bat "Coleura afra" LC
**Genus: Taphozous
*** Hamilton's Tomb Bat "Taphozous hamiltoni" NT
*** Mauritian Tomb Bat "Taphozous mauritianus" LC
*** Naked-rumped Tomb Bat "Taphozous nudiventris" LC
*** Egyptian Tomb Bat "Taphozous perforatus" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: Nycteris
*** "Nycteris aurita" DD
*** Hairy Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris hispida" LC
*** Parissi's Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris parisii" DD
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Megadermatidae
**Genus: Cardioderma
*** Heart-nosed Bat "Cardioderma cor" LC
**Genus: Lavia
*** Yellow-winged bat "Lavia frons" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Blasius's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus blasii" NT
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Eloquent Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus eloquens" DD
**** RÜppell's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus fumigatus" LC
**** Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus hildebrandti" LC
**** Lander's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus landeri" LC
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: Asellia
**** Trident Leaf-nosed Bat "Asellia tridens" LC
***Genus: Hipposideros
**** Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros caffer" LC
**** "Hipposideros marungensis" NT
**** Ethiopian Large-eared Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros megalotis" NT
***Genus: Triaenops
**** Persian Trident Bat "Triaenops persicus" LC

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

----

The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

*Family: Manidae
**Genus: Manis
*** Ground Pangolin "Manis temminckii" LR/nt

Order: Cetacea (whales)

----

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Kogiidae
****Genus: Kogia
***** Pygmy Sperm Whale "Kogia breviceps" LR/lc
***** Dwarf Sperm Whale "Kogia sima" LR/lc
***Family: Ziphidae
****Subfamily: Hyperoodontidae
*****Genus: Indopacetus
****** Longman's Beaked Whale "Indopacetus pacificus" DD
*****Genus: Mesoplodon
****** Blainville's Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon densirostris" DD
****** Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon ginkgodens" DD
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: Steno
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: Sousa
***** "Sousa chinensis" DD
****Genus: Tursiops
***** Bottlenose Dolphin "Tursiops aduncus" DD
****Genus: Stenella
***** Spinner Dolphin "Stenella longirostris" LR/cd
****Genus: Lagenodelphis
***** Fraser's Dolphin "Lagenodelphis hosei" DD
****Genus: Feresa
***** Pygmy Killer Whale "Feresa attenuata" DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Acinonyx
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: Caracal
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: Felis
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: Leptailurus
***** Serval "Leptailurus serval" LC
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Lion "Panthera leo" VU
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
***Subfamily: Viverrinae
****Genus: Civettictis
***** African Civet "Civettictis civetta" LR/lc
****Genus: Genetta
***** Abyssinian Genet "Genetta abyssinica" DD
***** Common Genet "Genetta genetta" LR/lc
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: Atilax
**** Marsh Mongoose "Atilax paludinosus" LR/lc
***Genus: Galerella
**** Slender Mongoose "Galerella sanguinea" LR/lc
***Genus: Helogale
**** Ethiopian Dwarf Mongoose "Helogale hirtula" LR/lc
**** Common Dwarf Mongoose "Helogale parvula" LR/lc
***Genus: Ichneumia
**** White-tailed Mongoose "Ichneumia albicauda" LR/lc
***Genus: Mungos
**** Banded Mongoose "Mungos mungo" LR/lc
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: Crocuta
**** Spotted Hyena "Crocuta crocuta" LR/cd
***Genus: Hyaena
**** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
***Genus: Proteles
**** Aardwolf "Proteles cristatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Vulpes
**** Rueppell's Fox "Vulpes rueppelli" DD
***Genus: Canis
**** Side-striped Jackal "Canis adustus" LC
**** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" LC
**** Black-backed Jackal "Canis mesomelas" LC
***Genus: Otocyon
**** Bat-eared Fox "Otocyon megalotis" LC
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Ictonyx
**** Striped Polecat "Ictonyx striatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Mellivora
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
**Genus: Equus
*** African Wild Ass "Equus africanus" CR
*** Burchell's Zebra "Equus burchellii" LC
*** Grevy's Zebra "Equus grevyi" EN

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Suidae (pigs)
**Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
***Genus: Phacochoerus
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus aethiopicus" LR/lc
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus africanus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Suinae
***Genus: Potamochoerus
**** Bushpig "Potamochoerus larvatus" LR/lc
*Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
**Genus: Hippopotamus
*** Hippopotamus "Hippopotamus amphibius" VU
*Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
**Genus: Giraffa
*** Giraffe "Giraffa camelopardalis" LR/cd
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
***Genus: Alcelaphus
**** Hartebeest "Alcelaphus buselaphus" LR/cd
***Genus: Damaliscus
**** Topi "Damaliscus lunatus" LR/cd
***Genus: Beatragus
**** Hirola "Beatragus hunteri" CR
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: Ammodorcas
**** Dibatag "Ammodorcas clarkei" VU
***Genus: Dorcatragus
**** Beira (antelope) "Dorcatragus megalotis" VU
***Genus: Gazella
**** Dorcas Gazelle "Gazella dorcas" VU
**** Grant's Gazelle "Gazella granti" LR/cd
**** Soemmerring's Gazelle "Gazella soemmerringii" VU
**** Speke's Gazelle "Gazella spekei" VU
***Genus: Litocranius
**** Gerenuk "Litocranius walleri" LR/cd
***Genus: Madoqua
**** Kirk's Dik-dik "Madoqua kirkii" LR/lc
**** Silver Dik-dik "Madoqua piacentinii" VU
**** Salt's Dik-dik "Madoqua saltiana" LR/lc
***Genus: Oreotragus
**** Klipspringer "Oreotragus oreotragus" LR/cd
***Genus: Ourebia
**** Oribi "Ourebia ourebi" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Bovinae
***Genus: Syncerus
**** African Buffalo "Syncerus caffer" LR/cd
***Genus: Tragelaphus
**** Lesser Kudu "Tragelaphus imberbis" LR/cd
**** Bushbuck "Tragelaphus scriptus" LR/lc
**** Greater Kudu "Tragelaphus strepsiceros" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Cephalophinae
***Genus: Cephalophus
**** Harvey's Duiker "Cephalophus harveyi" LR/cd
***Genus: Sylvicapra
**** Common Duiker "Sylvicapra grimmia" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: Oryx
**** Gemsbok "Oryx gazella" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Reduncinae
***Genus: Kobus
**** Waterbuck "Kobus ellipsiprymnus" LR/cd

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=SO&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Somalia
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species