List of mammals in Swaziland

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Swaziland. There are 107 mammal species in Swaziland, of which 1 is critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 5 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)

----The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora.

*Family: Chrysochloridae
**Subfamily: Amblysominae
***Genus: Amblysomus
**** Hottentot Golden Mole "Amblysomus hottentotus" LC
**** Marley's Golden Mole "Amblysomus marleyi" EN
**** Highveld Golden Mole "Amblysomus septentrionalis" NT

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

*Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
**Genus: Procavia
*** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

----The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

*Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
**Genus: Loxodonta
*** African Bush Elephant "Loxodonta africana" VU

Order: Primates

----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Strepsirrhini
**Infraorder: Lorisiformes
***Family: Galagidae
****Genus: Galago
***** Mohol Galago "Galago moholi" LR/lc
****Genus: Otolemur
***** Brown Greater Galago "Otolemur crassicaudatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Catarrhini
****Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
*****Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
******Genus: Cercopithecus
******* Chlorocebus "Cercopithecus aethiops" LR/lc
******* Blue Monkey "Cercopithecus mitis" LR/lc
******Genus: Papio
******* Chacma Baboon "Papio ursinus" LR/lc

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
**Family: Bathyergidae
***Genus: Cryptomys
**** African Mole Rat "Cryptomys hottentotus" LC
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
***Genus: Hystrix
**** Cape Porcupine "Hystrix africaeaustralis" LC
**Family: Thryonomyidae (cane rats)
***Genus: Thryonomys
**** Greater Cane Rat "Thryonomys swinderianus" LC
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Graphiurinae
****Genus: Graphiurus
***** Small-eared Dormouse "Graphiurus microtis" LC
***** Rock Dormouse "Graphiurus platyops" LC
**Family: Nesomyidae
***Subfamily: Dendromurinae
****Genus: Dendromus
***** Gray Glimbing Mouse "Dendromus melanotis" LC
***** Chestnut Climbing Mouse "Dendromus mystacalis" LC
***Subfamily: Cricetomyinae
****Genus: Saccostomus
***** Phascogalini "Saccostomus campestris" LC
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Otomyinae
****Genus: Otomys
***** Angoni Vlei Rat "Otomys angoniensis" LC
***** Vlei Rat "Otomys irroratus" LC
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: Tatera
***** Highveld Gerbil "Tatera brantsii" LC
***** Bushveld Gerbil "Tatera leucogaster" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Aethomys
***** Tete Veld Aethomys "Aethomys ineptus" LC
***** Namaqua Rock Rat "Aethomys namaquensis" LC
****Genus: Grammomys
***** Woodland Thicket Rat "Grammomys dolichurus" LC
****Genus: Lemniscomys
***** Single-striped Grass Mouse "Lemniscomys rosalia" LC
****Genus: Mastomys
***** Natal Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys natalensis" LC
****Genus: Mus
***** African Pygmy Mouse "Mus minutoides" LC
****Genus: Rhabdomys
***** Four-striped Grass Mouse "Rhabdomys pumilio" LC
****Genus: Thallomys
***** Acacia rat "Thallomys paedulcus" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Lepus
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Reddish-gray Musk Shrew "Crocidura cyanea" LC
**** Greater Red Musk Shrew "Crocidura flavescens" LC
**** Lesser Red Musk Shrew "Crocidura hirta" LC
**** Maquassie Musk Shrew "Crocidura maquassiensis" LC
**** Swamp Musk Shrew "Crocidura mariquensis" LC
**** Lesser Gray-brown Musk Shrew "Crocidura silacea" LC
***Genus: Suncus
**** Least Dwarf Shrew "Suncus infinitesimus" LC
**Subfamily: Myosoricinae
***Genus: Myosorex
**** Dark-footed Forest Shrew "Myosorex cafer" LC
**** Forest Shrew "Myosorex varius" LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: Eidolon
**** Straw-coloured Fruit Bat "Eidolon helvum" LC
***Genus: Epomophorus
**** Peters's Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus crypturus" LC
**** Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus wahlbergi" LC
***Genus: Rousettus
**** Egyptian fruit bat "Rousettus aegyptiacus" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Kerivoulinae
***Genus: Kerivoula
**** Damara Woolly Bat "Kerivoula argentata" LC
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: Myotis
**** Cape Hairy Bat "Myotis tricolor" LC
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Glauconycteris
**** Butterfly Bat "Glauconycteris variegata" LC
***Genus: Neoromicia
**** Cape Serotine "Neoromicia capensis" LC
**** Banana Pipistrelle "Neoromicia nanus" LC
***Genus: Nycticeinops
**** Schlieffen's Twilight Bat "Nycticeinops schlieffeni" LC
***Genus: Scotophilus
**** African Yellow Bat "Scotophilus dinganii" LC
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: Miniopterus
**** Lesser Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus fraterculus" LC
**** Natal Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus natalensis" NT
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Chaerephon
*** Little Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon pumila" LC
**Genus: Mops
*** Angolan Free-tailed Bat "Mops condylurus" LC
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: Taphozous
*** Mauritian Tomb Bat "Taphozous mauritianus" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: Nycteris
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Blasius's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus blasii" NT
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Darling's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus darlingi" LC
**** Bushveld Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus simulator" LC
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: Cloeotis
**** Percival's Trident Bat "Cloeotis percivali" VU
***Genus: Hipposideros
**** Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros caffer" LC

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Acinonyx
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: Caracal
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: Felis
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: Leptailurus
***** Serval "Leptailurus serval" LC
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Lion "Panthera leo" VU
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: Hyaena
**** Brown Hyena "Hyaena brunnea" LR/nt
***Genus: Proteles
**** Aardwolf "Proteles cristatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Canis
**** Side-striped Jackal "Canis adustus" LC
**** Black-backed Jackal "Canis mesomelas" LC
***Genus: Lycaon
**** African Wild Dog "Lycaon pictus" EN
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Ictonyx
**** Striped Polecat "Ictonyx striatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Mellivora
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
***Genus: Aonyx
**** African Clawless Otter "Aonyx capensis" LC

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
**Genus: Equus
*** Burchell's Zebra "Equus burchellii" LC
*Family: Rhinocerotidae
**Genus: Diceros
*** Black Rhinoceros "Diceros bicornis" CR
**Genus: Ceratotherium
*** White Rhinoceros "Ceratotherium simum" NT

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Suidae (pigs)
**Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
***Genus: Phacochoerus
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus africanus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Suinae
***Genus: Potamochoerus
**** Bushpig "Potamochoerus larvatus" LR/lc
*Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
**Genus: Hippopotamus
*** Hippopotamus "Hippopotamus amphibius" VU
*Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
**Genus: Giraffa
*** Giraffe "Giraffa camelopardalis" LR/cd
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
***Genus: Alcelaphus
**** Hartebeest "Alcelaphus buselaphus" LR/cd
***Genus: Connochaetes
**** Black Wildebeest "Connochaetes gnou" LC
**** Blue Wildebeest "Connochaetes taurinus" LR/cd
***Genus: Damaliscus
**** Topi "Damaliscus lunatus" LR/cd
**** Bontebok "Damaliscus pygargus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: Oreotragus
**** Klipspringer "Oreotragus oreotragus" LR/cd
***Genus: Ourebia
**** Oribi "Ourebia ourebi" LR/cd
***Genus: Raphicerus
**** Steenbok "Raphicerus campestris" LR/lc
**** Sharpe's Grysbok "Raphicerus sharpei" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Bovinae
***Genus: Syncerus
**** African Buffalo "Syncerus caffer" LR/cd
***Genus: Tragelaphus
**** Nyala "Tragelaphus angasii" LR/cd
**** Common Eland "Tragelaphus oryx" LR/cd
**** Bushbuck "Tragelaphus scriptus" LR/lc
**** Greater Kudu "Tragelaphus strepsiceros" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Cephalophinae
***Genus: Cephalophus
**** Blue Duiker "Cephalophus monticola" LR/lc
**** Red Forest Duiker "Cephalophus natalensis" LR/cd
***Genus: Sylvicapra
**** Common Duiker "Sylvicapra grimmia" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: Hippotragus
**** Roan Antelope "Hippotragus equinus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Peleinae
***Genus: Pelea
**** Grey Rhebok "Pelea capreolus" LC
**Subfamily: Aepycerotinae
***Genus: Aepyceros
**** Impala "Aepyceros melampus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Reduncinae
***Genus: Kobus
**** Waterbuck "Kobus ellipsiprymnus" LR/cd
***Genus: Redunca
**** Southern Reedbuck "Redunca arundinum" LR/cd
**** Mountain Reedbuck "Redunca fulvorufula" LC

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=SZ&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Swaziland
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species