John Dykstra

John Charles Dykstra, A.S.C. (born June 3 1947 in Long Beach, California, United States) is a two-time Academy Award-winning special effects supervisor and pioneer in the development of the use of computers in film making. He is married to Cass McCune; their daughter is actress and model Chloe Dykstra.

Education and early career

After studying industrial design at California State University, Long Beach (where he was a member of Phi Kappa Tau Fraternity), Dykstra landed a job working with Douglas Trumbull on "Silent Running" filming model effects.

Working with George Lucas

When George Lucas was recruiting people for the special effects work on "", he approached Trumbull who pointed him towards Dykstra. Dykstra led the development at Industrial Light & Magic of the Dykstraflex motion-controlled camera, which was responsible for many of the film's groundbreaking effects. The system was made possible by the availability of off-the-shelf integrated-circuit RAMs at relatively low cost and secondhand VistaVision cameras.

However, there was tension between Dykstra and Lucas who later complained that too much of the special effects budget was spent on developing the camera systems and that the effects team did not deliver all the shots that he had wanted. Regardless, following the release of "Star Wars" Dykstra secured his status in the industry with Academy Awards for best special effects and special technical achievement.

"Battlestar Galactica"

Dykstra had a Production credit for the television series "Battlestar Galactica" and contributed to the series' effects but after "Star Wars" these stock shots were a bit of a disappointment. Universal Studios that produced "Battlestar Galactica" also had a legal dispute with George Lucas so that when work started on "The Empire Strikes Back", Dykstra did not want to come back Fact|date=January 2008. Dykstra also worked on the effects for "" with some of these effects being recycled in subsequent films.

"Firefox"

Dykstra's next major achievement was the effects work on "Firefox" in 1982. Here, he took on the same challenge that Lucas had set with "The Empire Strikes Back" of combining miniature effects with actual backgrounds and matte work on white backgrounds using reverse bluescreen. The film secured further awards but was only a modest box office hit.

Comic book films

Dykstra was supervisor for the special effects of "Batman Forever" and "Batman and Robin". He was also Senior Visual Effects for " Stuart Little". Dykstra was Visual Effects Designer on the first two "Spider-Man" films, and was rewarded with an Oscar for Best Achievement in Visual Effects for his efforts on "Spider-Man 2".

Video games

Dykstra directed the 1992 full-motion video game "Sewer Shark". The game was a critical and commercial flop, and was packaged with the Sega CD.

Dykstra was also involved with the laserdisc-based arcade game spin-off from "Firefox" that proved a big hit and for the next decade concentrated on video games.

External links

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* [http://www.theasc.com/magazine/starwars/index.html "The American Cinematographers "Star Wars" coverage] Under the Episode IV heading on this page is a link to "Miniature and Mechanical Special Effects" - an article written by Dykstra for the "American Cinematographer" concerning his work on '. (An exact link is not given because the exact link does not link to the entire page, since the site is set up in HTML frames.)
* [http://www.imno.org/articles.asp?qid=216&sid=3 2006 IMNO Interview with John Dykstra]