James Wood (critic)

James Wood (born 1965 in Durham) is an English literary critic and novelist.

Life and career

Wood was educated at Durham Chorister School, Eton College, on a choral scholarship and Jesus College, Cambridge, where he read English Literature. In 1990, he was the winner of the British Press Young Journalist of the Year Award.

In August 2007, Wood became a staff writer at "The New Yorker", leaving from his post as a senior editor at "The New Republic", which he joined in 1996. Since 1992, Wood has been the chief literary critic of "The Guardian" in London. In 1994 Wood served as a judge for that year's Booker Prize for fiction. He is also an editor at large of The "Kenyon Review". Wood's reviews and essays have appeared frequently in the "New York Times", "The New Yorker", the "New York Review of Books", "News from the Republic of Letters" where he is a Contributing Editor, and the "London Review of Books" where he is a member of its editorial board.

Wood began teaching literature in a class he co-taught with the late novelist Saul Bellow at Boston University. Wood also taught at Kenyon College in Ohio, and since September 2003 he has taught at Harvard University as Professor of the Practice of Literary Criticism.

He is married to Claire Messud, an American novelist. They live in Washington, DC, and Somerville, Massachusetts, with their two children.

In 1994, as a judge of that year Booker Prize, he recommended a novel written by his wife to his fellow judges while neglecting to mention their marital status. [ [http://www.themanbookerprize.com/perspective/articles/1017] Controversy throughout the prize’s history]

Critical views

Like the critic Harold Bloom, Wood advocates an aesthetic approach to literature, rather than more ideologically-driven trends in academic literary criticism. In an interview with the "Harvard Crimson", Wood explains that the "novel exists to be affecting...to shake us profoundly. When we're rigorous about feeling, we're honoring that." The reader, then, should approach the text as a writer, "which is [about] making aesthetic judgments."

Wood is noted for coining the genre term hysterical realism, which he uses to denote the contemporary conception of the "big, ambitious novel" that pursues vitality "at all costs." Hysterical realism describes novels that are characterized by chronic length, manic characters, frenzied action, and frequent digressions on topics secondary to the story. In response to an essay Wood wrote on the subject, author Zadie Smith described hysterical realism as a "painfully accurate term for the sort of overblown, manic prose to be found in novels like my own "White Teeth"…"cite news |last=Smith |first=Zadie |url=http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,6000,568381,00.html |title=This is how it feels to me |publisher=The Guardian |date=2001-10-13 |accessdate=2008-08-17]

For

In reviewing one of his works, Adam Begley of the "Financial Times" wrote that Wood "is the best literary critic of his generation," a sentiment that has also been expressed by writers and critics William H. Pritchard, Susan Sontag, Harold Bloom, Cynthia Ozick, Christopher Hitchens, and Saul Bellow. In an interview with Clive James, Martin Amis described Wood as "a marvellous critic, one of the few remaining."

In 2008, Wood was named one of the top 30 critics in the world by "Intelligent Life", the lifestyle publication from "The Economist" [ [http://www.moreintelligentlife.com/node/941 REVIEWER'S REVIEWED | More Intelligent Life ] ] .

Against

In the 2004 issue of "n+1", the editors criticizing both him and "The New Republic" said, "Poor James Wood! Now here was a talent—but an odd one, with a narrow, aesthetician’s interests and idiosyncratic tastes... In the company of other critics who wrote with such seriousness, at such length, in such old-fashioned terms, he would have been less burdened with the essentially parodic character of his enterprise." [http://www.nplusonemag.com/situation_1.html] James Wood wrote a lengthy reply in the Fall 2005 issue explaining his conception of the "autonomous novel," to which the "n+1" editors, rather than argue directly, decided to respond by devoting a large portion of the journal's next issue to a roundtable on the state of contemporary literature and criticism.

Works

James Wood is the author of three books of criticism, "The Broken Estate: Essays on Literature and Belief" (Modern Library, 2000) and "The Irresponsible Self: On Laughter and the Novel" (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2004), "How Fiction Works" (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008), and an autobiographical novel, "The Book Against God" (Farrar, Straus and Giroux 2003).

Additionally, Wood has written introductions to "Selected Stories of D. H. Lawrence" (Modern Library, 1999), "Collected Stories of Saul Bellow" (Penguin, 2002), "The Golovlyov Family" by Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov (2001), "The Heart of the Matter" by Graham Greene (Penguin, 2004), "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" by Thomas Hardy (Modern Library, 2001), "The Woodlanders" by Thomas Hardy (Modern Library, 2002), "The Myth of Sisyphus" by Albert Camus (Penguin Modern Classics, 2000), and "La Nausée" by Jean-Paul Sartre (Penguin Modern Classics, 2004).

References

External links

James Wood on hysterical realism:
* [http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,6000,563868,00.html The Guardian: US novelists must now abandon social and theoretical glitter, says James Wood] James Wood on the creation of fictional characters:
* [http://books.guardian.co.uk/print/0,,332241792-110738,00.html The Guardian: But just what, exactly, is a character, asks James Wood] Essays and reviews by James Wood:
* [http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/books/2008/06/09/080609crbo_books_wood?currentPage=all New Yorker: "Holiday in Hellmouth."] James Wood on Bart D. Ehrman's "God's Problem"
* [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9901E6D61038F937A2575AC0A9659C8B63 New York Times: "Clearing a Space in the Mind."] James Wood on Denis Donoghue's "Speaking of Beauty"
* [http://www.tnr.com/search/search_results.html?q=james+wood&x=0&y=0 Contributions to The New Republic]
* [http://www.lrb.co.uk/contribhome.php?get=wood02 Contributions to The London Review of Books] The American Novel After September 11th:
* [http://www.bu.edu/trl/11/wood.html News from the Republic of Letters No. 11] Interview:
* [http://colinmarshall.libsyn.com/index.php?post_id=380948 An interview with James Wood on "The Marketplace of Ideas"]
* [http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=349548 The Harvard Crimson] Essay on James Wood:
* [http://www.smallspiralnotebook.com/columnists/2007/10/what_would_wood_think_by_reese.shtml What Would Wood Think] Reviews of "How Fiction Works" by James Wood (ISBN-13: 978-0224079839):
* [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23620287-25132,00.html Collosal critic reality check needed]
* [http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/generalfiction/0,,2257411,00.html Celebrate the force of fiction]