- Anytus
Anytus was one of the prosecutors of
Socrates . An unsubstantiated legend has it that he was banished from Athens after the public felt guilty about having Socrates executed. [p. 117, "Oxford Classical Dictionary", 3rd edition.] We know that he was one of the leading supporters of the democratic forces in Athens [pp. 431-432, P. Rhodes, "A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia", Oxford U Press 1981.] (as opposed to theoligarchic forces behind theThirty Tyrants ). Plato also depicts Anytus as an interlocutor in his dialogue the "Meno ".Anytus was a powerful, upper-class politician in ancient Athens, one of the
nouveaux riches . [p. 343, Rhodes, "A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia".] Anytus served as a general in the Peloponnesian war: He lost Pylos to the Spartans during the war, and was charged with treason. [p. 344, Rhodes, "A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia".] According to Aristotle he was later acquitted by bribing the jury . [ps.-Aristotle "Constitution of the Athenians" [http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/athe3.htm#27 27] .] Anytus won favor after this by playing a major role in overthrowing the Thirty Tyrants. [p. xxvi, J. Adam, "Platonis Apologia Socratis", Cambridge U Press 1916.] Though Anytus lost much money and provisions during this eight month battle, he made no attempts to regain it back; this also helped his reputation with the Athenians.Fact|date=May 2008 He came from a family of tanners, successful from the time of his grandfather. Socrates refers to his son's education in the Apology.In 403 BCE, Anytus supported the Amnesty of Eucleides, which stated that no one who committed a crime before or during the Thirty Tyrants could be prosecuted. [pp. 100-101, J. Burnet, "Plato: Euthyphro, Apology of Socrates, Crito", Clarendon 1924.]
Anytus seems to have had at least two motivations for prosecuting Socrates:
# Socrates constantly criticised the democratic government of which Anytus was a leader. Anytus may have been concerned that Socrates' criticism was a threat to the newly reestablished democracy. [p. 74, Burnet, "Plato: Euthyphro, Apology of Socrates, Crito".]
# Socrates taught Anytus' son and Anytus perhaps blamed Socrates' teachings for poisoning his son's mind or taking him away from the career path his father had set for him. Xenophon has Socrates forecast that the boy will grow up vicious if he studies a purely technical subject such as tanning. And Xenophon tell us that the son became a drunk. [Xenophon , "Apology" 29-31.]Notes
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