- African Democratic Rally
The African Democratic Rally ( _fr. Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) was a
political party inFrench West Africa , led byFélix Houphouët-Boigny . Founded inBamako in1946 , the RDA quickly became one of the most important forces for independence in the region. Initially a Pan-Africanist movement, the RDA ceased to function as a Pan-African party as Houphouët-Boigny turned hostile towards the idea of African federalism. Splinter groups of the RDA remain active in the politics ofGuinea ,Côte d'Ivoire ,Chad ,Niger ,Senegal , andBurkina Faso .Background
In the 1940s, the French faced increasing resistance to their rule in
West Africa . Following negotiations in1944 betweenFree France and colonial representatives, the French government issued the Brazzaville Declaration. While insisting on French sovereignty, the document also granted the colonies semi-autonomous assemblies and the rights of full French citizens.Formation and dominance
In
1946 , the newFourth Republic constitution allowed African representatives to set in the Paris'sNational Assembly . A number of nationalist parties came together to form the RDA at a congress inBamako on October 18–21, 1946. The call for the Bamako congress came from the GEC inDakar .Initially RDA was politically radical, with ties to the
French Communist Party (PCF). Under Houphouët-Boigny's leadership RDA turned increasingly moderate and pro-France . The link to PCF was broken in1955 .Sections of RDA included:
*Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire
*Democratic Party of Guinea
*Senegalese Democratic Union , later expelled and substituted by theSenegalese Popular Movement .
*Sudanese Union-African Democratic Rally (French Soudan )
*Chadian Progressive Party
*Voltaic Democratic Union
*Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (expelled in 1950 for refusing the split with theFrench Communist Party )
*Nigerien Progressive Party
*Congolese Progressive Party RDA ceased to function as a pan-African party as Houphouët-Boigny turned hostile towards the idea of African federalism. Many of its former sections still use RDA in combination with their own names.
Prominent Members
*
Félix Houphouët-Boigny fromCôte d'Ivoire
*Justin Ahomadegbé-Tomêtin andSourou-Migan Apithy fromBenin
*Modibo Keïta fromMali
*Léon M'ba fromGabon
*Ahmed Sékou Touré fromGuinea
*Maurice Yaméogo fromBurkina Faso
*Fulbert Youlou fromCongo-Brazzaville References
*Davidson, Basil. "Africa in History". New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.
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