Eulalio Gutiérrez

Infobox_President | name=Eulalio Gutiérrez Ortiz
nationality=Mexican


order= President of Mexico
term_start=November 6, 1914
term_end=January 16, 1915
predecessor=Francisco S. Carvajal
successor=Roque González Garza
birth_date=birth date|1881|2|2|mf=y
birth_place=Santo Domingo, Coahuila
dead=dead
death_date=death date and age|1939|8|12|1881|2|2|mf=y
death_place=Saltillo, Coahuila
spouse=
party=Conventionalist
vicepresident=

Eulalio Gutiérrez Ortiz (February 2, 1881 – August 12, 1939) was elected provisional president of Mexico during the Aguascalientes Convention and led the country from November 6, 1914 until January 16, 1915.

He was born on the Hacienda de Santo Domingo, in the municipality of Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila. In his youth he was a shepherd and a miner in Concepción del Oro, Zacatecas, where after some years he was named mayor of the municipality. After joining Ricardo Flores Magón's Mexican Liberal Party ("Partido Liberal Mexicano") for a short period, he affiliated with the Anti-reelectionist Party ("Partido Antirreleccionista") of Francisco I. Madero in 1909.

He participated in the Mexican Revolution, after which he returned to his native state where he was elected mayor of Ramos Arizpe. After the coup d'état of Victoriano Huerta he took up arms again and placed himself under the orders of Pablo González in the Constitutionalist Army of Venustiano Carranza.

During the Aguascalientes Convention, he was named the provisional president of the Republic on November 1, 1914 and assumed the position two days later. His cabinet was composed of Lucio Blanco as Interior Minister; José Vasconcelos as Minister for Public Instruction and Fine Arts; Valentín Gama as Minister for Public Works; Felícitos Villarreal as Finance Minister; José Isabel Robles as Defense Minister ("Guerra y Marina"); Manuel Palafox as Agriculture Minister; Manuel Chao as Mayor of the Distrito Federal; Mateo Almanza as Commander of the National Guard ("Guarnición de México"), and Pánfilo Natera as president of the Supreme Military Tribunal.

A month after he took office, revolutionary leaders Francisco Villa and Emiliano Zapata took Mexico City. After seeing himself manipulated by Villa's troops, he decided to leave the capital on January 16, 1915 and moved his government to San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, where he declared Villa and Carranza traitors to the "revolutionary spirit" and formally resigned the presidency on July 2, 1915.

After exiling himself to the United States, he returned to Mexico in 1920 under the amnesty of Álvaro Obregón and was elected senator and governor of Coahuila in 1928. Later on he publicly criticised the reelection of Álvaro Obregón and the "maximato" of Plutarco Elías Calles (the period during which Calles was "Jefe Maximo", "Maximum Chief", and ruled via puppet presidents) and joined the rebellion of José Gonzalo Escobar.

After the defeat of that rebellion, he exiled himself to San Antonio, Texas, U.S., and did not return to Mexico until 1935. Four years later, he died in the city of Saltillo.

References