Upson County, Georgia

Infobox U.S. County
county = Upson County
state = Georgia


founded year = 1824
founded date = December 15,
seat wl = Thomaston
largest city wl =
area_total_sq_mi = 328
area_total_km2 = 849
area_land_sq_mi = 325
area_land_km2 = 843
area_water_sq_mi = 2
area_water_km2 = 6
area percentage =
census yr = 2000
pop = 27597
density_sq_mi =
density_km2 =
time zone = Eastern
UTC offset = -5
DST offset =
footnotes =
web =
named for = Stephen Upson

Upson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was created on December 15, 1824. As of 2000, the population was 27,597. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 27,562 [http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/tables/CO-EST2007-01-13.xls] . The county seat is Thomaston, GeorgiaGR|6.

It is included in the Thomaston, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Upson County, in west central Georgia, was established by an act of the state legislature on December 15, 1824. The Treaty of Indian Springs (1821) between the United States Upson County at a Glanceand the Creek Indians gave the government the land that extended from the Ocmulgee River to the Flint River through middle Georgia. Upson County was created from Pike and Crawford counties. Many settlers were drawn to the area by the lottery system used to settle the acquired lands. The state's fifty-ninth county was named in honor of the noted Georgia lawyer Stephen Upson (1784/5-1824) just four months after his death. It is also the birthplace of John B. Gordon, a major general in the Confederate army and a governor of Georgia.

In March 1825 the justices of the inferior court bought land lot 217 in the Tenth District to build the courthouse and the jail. Around this lot grew Thomaston, the county seat. Incorporated June 11, 1825, the town was named for General Jett Thomas, a hero of the War of 1812 (1812-15).

The majority of the settlers to Upson CountyCourtesy of Georgia Department of Economic DevelopmentUpson County Courthousecame from the eastern counties of Georgia, between the Oconee River and Augusta. Some were wealthy plantation owners who also owned many slaves. Farming the rich soil of the eastern section of Upson County, around the town of The Rock and along the Flint River, they primarily grew cotton. Other settlers came from North Carolina and South Carolina. The first cotton mill in Upson County, the Waymanville or Franklin Factory, was built on Tobler Creek in 1833, and in 1835 a group of New Englanders arrived to manufacture textiles.

The Old Alabama Stagecoach Road, a well-traveled stagecoach and wagon-freight line between Augusta and Columbus, ran from the northeastern section of Upson County, crossing the Flint River at Double BridgesCourtesy of Thomaston-Upson ArchivesAuchumpkee Covered Bridgein the southwest. Double Bridges is the site where two bridges spanned either side of Owen's Island in the middle of the Flint River; a brief Civil War (1861-65) cavalry skirmish took place there. On April 18, 1865, Union raiders began three days of devastation in Upson County. Major General James Harrison Wilson's cavalry was headed toward Macon; its task was to destroy the agricultural and industrial facilities in the South. Fifty men of the First Battalion Georgia Cavalry Reserves stood to defend the bridges. The defenders fired a few scattered shots at the larger Union forces before fleeing. Homes were pillaged and burned, and several factories were destroyed, including the Waymanville cotton mill.

After the war mills continued to be an important part of the county's economy.Courtesy of Thomaston-Upson ArchivesThomaston PeachesThomaston Mills was a major employer in the county from its beginning in 1899 until 2000, when the company declared bankruptcy. Martha Mills, a manufacturer of tire cord fabric, began operation in 1927 and continues to be a large employer (Martha Mills was bought by B. F. Goodrich, later WesTek, in 1929). In the 1920s the peach industry thrived in Upson County, but peaches all but vanished in the county with the onset of the Great Depression in the 1930s, as orchard laborers found work in the mills. Peach orchards were cut down to make room for timber stands.

In 1930 a history of the county, History of Upson County, Georgia, was sponsored by the Daughters of the American Revolution and coauthored by Evelyn Hanna, a well-known author of romantic fiction.

Upson County is home to Flint River Technical College, and several sites draw tourism to the area. Sprewell Bluff is a convert|200|acre|km2|sing=on area of climbing river bluffs formed by the Flint River as it cuts through Oak Mountain. A three-mile (5 km) trail winds along the bank. The Sprewell Bluff State Park offers convert|1372|acre|km2 for fishing, hiking, picnicking, horseshoes, and volleyball. Auchumpkee Covered Bridge, located in the southeastern part of the county, is an exact replica of the 1892 bridge that was destroyed in the floods that swept through the state in 1994. Federal disaster-relief money paid for covered-bridge craftsman Arnold M. Graton to reconstruct the bridge.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 328 square miles (849 km²), of which, 325 square miles (843 km²) of it is land and 2 square miles (6 km²) of it (0.66%) is water.

Major highways

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Adjacent counties

*Lamar County, Georgia - north
*Pike County, Georgia - north
*Monroe County, Georgia - northeast
*Crawford County, Georgia - southeast
*Taylor County, Georgia - south
*Talbot County, Georgia - southwest
*Meriwether County, Georgia - northwest

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 27,597 people, 10,722 households, and 7,687 families residing in the county. The population density was 85 people per square mile (33/km²). There were 11,616 housing units at an average density of 36 per square mile (14/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 70.58% White, 27.95% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 0.53% from two or more races. 1.18% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 10,722 households out of which 31.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.70% were married couples living together, 16.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.30% were non-families. 25.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the county the population was spread out with 25.50% under the age of 18, 8.30% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 90.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,201, and the median income for a family was $37,418. Males had a median income of $30,484 versus $20,520 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,053. About 11.20% of families and 14.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.70% of those under age 18 and 11.70% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

*Hannahs Mill
*Lincoln Park
*Salem
*Sunset Village
*Thomaston
*Yatesville

References

* [http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/courthouses/upsonCH.htm GeorgiaInfo Upson County Courthouse History]