Hugh McNeile

Hugh McNeile (also written M'Neile) (July 18, 1795 - January 28, 1879), was an Anglican churchman in Ireland.

The younger son of Alexander McNeile (or McNeill), he was born at Ballycastle, County Antrim. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1810. His good looks and his promise of exceptional gifts of oratory, led a wealthy uncle Major-General Daniel McNeill, to adopt him as his heir; and he was destined for a parliamentary career. During a stay at Florence, Hugh McNeile became temporarily intimate with Lord Byron and Madame de Staël. On returning home, he decided to abandon the prospect of a political career for the church, and was disinherited. In 1820, he was ordained, and having been curate at Stranorlar, County Donegal, for two years, was appointed to the living of Albury, Surrey, by Henry Drummond.

McNeile married, in 1822, Anne, daughter of William Magee, archbishop of Dublin, and aunt of William Connor Magee, archbishop of York, by whom he had a large family.

Edward Irving tried to draw McNeile into agreement with his doctrine and aims, but Irving's increasing extravagance soon alienated McNeile. His preaching now attracted much attention; in London he frequently was heard by large congregations. In 1834 he accepted the parish of St Jude's, Liverpool, where for the next thirty years he wielded great-political as well as ecclesiastical nfluence. He repudiated the notion that a clergyman should be debarred from politics, maintaining at a public meeting that "God when He made the minister did not unmake the citizen." In 1835, McNeile entered a long dispute, in which he was eventually successful, with the Liverpool corporation, which had been captured by the Whigs, after the passing of the Municipal Reform Act. A proposal was carried that the elementary schools under the control of the corporation should be secularized by the introduction of what was known as the Irish National System. The threatened withdrawal of the Bible as the basis of denominational religious teaching was met by a fierce agitation led by McNeile, who so successfully enlisted public support that before the new system could be introduced every child was provided for in new Church of England schools established by public subscriptions.

At the same time, he conducted a campaign that gradually reduced the Whig element in the council until it virtually disappeared in 1841. The defeat of the Liberal parliamentary candidates in the general election of 1837, followed by a long period of Conservative predominance in Liverpool politics, was largely due to his influence. McNeile had the Irish Protestant's horror of Roman Catholicism, which he constantly denounced in the pulpit and on the platform; and Thomas Macaulay, speaking in the House of Commons on the Maynooth endowment in April 1845, attacked him as the most powerful representative of uncompromising Protestant opinion in the country.

As the Tractarian movement in the Church of England developed, he became one of its most zealous opponents and the most conspicuous leader of the evangelical party. In 1840, he published a volume of Lectures on the Church of England, and in 1846 (the year after Newman's secession to Rome), the Church and the Churches, in which he maintained with much dialectical skill the evangelical doctrine of the "invisible Church" in opposition to the teaching of Newman and Pusey.

Hugh McNeile was in close sympathy with the philanthropic work as well as the religious views of the Earl of Shaftesbury, who tried hard to persuade Lord Palmerston to make him a bishop; but although Palmerston usually followed the advice of Shaftesbury in the appointment of bishops, he would not consent to the elevation to the House of Lords of so powerful a political opponent as McNeile, whom Lord John Russell had accused of frustrating the education policy of the Liberal Party for thirty years. In 1860, he was appointed a canon of Chester; and in 1868 Disraeli appointed him dean of Ripon. He resigned in 1875, and lived in retirement at Bournemouth till his death.

Although a vehement controversialist, Hugh McNeile was a man of simple and sincere piety of character. Sir Edward Russell, an opponent alike of his religious and his political opinions, bears witness to the deep spirituality of his teaching, and describes him as an absolutely unique personality. "He made himself leader of the Liverpool people, and always led with calm and majesty in the most excited times. His eloquence was grave, flowing, emphatichad a dignity in delivery, a perfection of elocution, that only John Bright equalled in the latter half of the 19th century. Its fire was solemn force. McNeile's voice was probably the finest organ ever heard in public oratory. His action was as graceful as it was expressive. He ruled an audience."

References

*1911