James Carey

James Carey (1845–1883), Fenian and informer.

Carey was son of Francis Carey, a bricklayer, who came from Celbridge, in Kildare, to Dublin, where his son was born in James Street in 1845. He also was a bricklayer, and for eighteen years continued in the employment of Mr. Michael Meade, builder, Dublin. He then commenced business on his own account as a builder at Denzille Street, Dublin. In this venture he was successful; he became the leading spokesman of his trade and obtained several large building contracts.

During all this period Carey was engaged in a nationalist conspiracy, but to outward appearance he was one of the rising men of Dublin. Every one believed in his piety and public spirit; there was hardly a society of the popular or religious kind of which he did not become a member, and at one time he was spoken of as a possible lord mayor. In 1882 he was elected a town councillor of Dublin, not on political grounds, but, as he himself said, solely for the good of the working men of the city.

About 1861 he had joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and soon after became treasurer. In 1881 he broke with the IRB and formed a new group who assumed the title of "the Invincibles", and established their headquarters in Dublin, and Carey took an oath as one of the leaders. The object of the Invincibles was to remove all tyrants from the country, and several attempts, but without success, were made to assassinate Earl Cowper and Mr. W. E. Forster.

"No.1," the secret head of the association, then gave orders to kill Mr. Thomas Henry Burke, the under-secretary to the lord-lieutenant, and on 6 May 1882 nine of the conspirators proceeded to the Phoenix Park (→Phoenix Park murders), where Carey, while sitting on a jaunting-car, pointed out Mr. Burke to the others, who at once attacked and killed him with knives, and at the same time also despatched Lord Frederick Cavendish, the newly appointed chief secretary, who happened to be walking with Mr. Burke.

For a long time no clue could be found to the perpetrators of the act; but on 13 Jan 1883 Carey was arrested and, with sixteen other persons, charged with a conspiracy to murder public officials. When arrested he was erecting a mortuary chapel in the South Dublin Union, and the work was then carried on by his brother, Peter Carey. On 13 Feb. Carey turned queen's evidence, betrayed the complete details of "the Invincibles" and of the murders in the Phœnix Park, and his evidence resulted in the execution (by hanging) of five of his late associates.

His life being in great danger, he was secretly, with his wife and family, put on board the Kinfauns Castle, bound for the Cape, and sailed on 6 July under the name of Power. On board the same ship was a person called Patrick O'Donnell, a bricklayer. He became friendly with Carey, without knowing who he was. After stopping off in Capetown, he was informed by chance of the real identity of Carey.cite book |last =Moloney |first =Senan|year= 2006|title =The Phoenix Murders: Conspiracy, Betrayal and Retribution |pages= p. 250 et passim|publisher= Mercier Press|location= Dublin|id = ISBN 1-85635-511-X ] He went with his victim on board the Melrose in the voyage from Cape Town to Natal, and when the vessel was twelve miles off Cape Vaccas, on 29 July 1883, using a pistol which he had in his luggage, he shot Carey dead.cite book |last =McCracken |first =J. L.|year= 2001|title =The Fate of an Infamous Informer |pages= pages all|publisher= History Ireland|location= Dublin]

O'Donnell was brought to England and tried for murder, and being found guilty was executed at Newgate on 17 December.cite book |last =Moloney |first =Senan|year= 2006|title =The Phoenix Murders: Conspiracy, Betrayal and Retribution |pages= p. 258 et passim|publisher= Mercier Press|location= Dublin|id = ISBN 1-85635-511-X ]

Carey married in 1865 Margaret m'Kenny, who with several children survived him.

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