Softening

Softening

Softening is a numerical trick used in N-body techniques to prevent numerical divergences when a particle comes too close to another (and the force goes to infinity). This is obtained by modifying the gravitational potential of each particle as

:Phi = - frac{1}{sqrt{r^2 + epsilon^2

where epsilon is the softening parameter. The value of the softening parameter should be set small enough to keep simulations realistic.


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  • softening — Ⅰ. softening UK US /ˈsɒfənɪŋ/ adjective [before noun] ► FINANCE, STOCK MARKET that has stopped increasing or that is falling: »A softening job market eventually will mean slower wage growth. »The state s unemployment rate has remained remarkably… …   Financial and business terms

  • Softening — Sof ten*ing, a. & n. from {Soften}, v. [1913 Webster] {Softening of the brain}, or {Cerebral softening} (Med.), a localized softening of the brain substance, due to hemorrhage or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • softening — index mitigating, mitigation, mollification, palliative (abating) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • softening — I noun the process of becoming softer (Freq. 1) refrigeration delayed the softening of the fruit he observed the softening of iron by heat • Derivationally related forms: ↑soften • Hypernyms: ↑natural process, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • Softening — Soften Sof ten, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Softened}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Softening}.] To make soft or more soft. Specifically: [1913 Webster] (a) To render less hard; said of matter. [1913 Webster] Their arrow s point they soften in the flame. Gay. [1913 …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • softening — Synonyms and related words: abatement, abating, allaying, allayment, alleviating, alleviation, alleviative, allowance, altering, analgesia, analgesic, anesthesia, anesthetic, anesthetizing, anodyne, appeasement, assuagement, assuaging, assuasive …   Moby Thesaurus

  • Softening of the brain — Softening Sof ten*ing, a. & n. from {Soften}, v. [1913 Webster] {Softening of the brain}, or {Cerebral softening} (Med.), a localized softening of the brain substance, due to hemorrhage or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • softening circumstances — index extenuating circumstances Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • softening of the brain — n. 1. degeneration of the brain tissues 2. Informal loss of mind …   English World dictionary

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