Tareen

The Tareen (Pashto: ترین) are a prominent Pashtun tribe residing in Pakistan [ [http://www.ipdf.gov.pk/tmpnew/DF_NWFP.php IPDF - Government of Pakistan] ] and Afghanistan. The tribe have an influence on politics in Haripur District [ [http://www.dawn.com/2005/08/24/nat49.htm Tareens gain strength in Haripur - Dawn Pakistan] ] and the Hazara area of the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. [ [http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_6-10-2002_pg7_17 ELECTIONS 2002 (Hazara Division): Friends turn foes in election battle - Daily Times] ] Ayub Khan a former President of Pakistan was a Tareen from Haripur District.

The principal language of Tareens is Pashto, Persian had been used historically as the language for records and correspondence also tombstones up to late nineteenth century are in Persian. Those who have settled away from Pishin speak local languages such as Multani or Sraiki in Multan, Hindko in Hazara, Urdu in Bhopal and Sindhi in Sindh. Tareeno, a dialect of Pashto, is the language spoken in Harnai.

History

The Tareen are an important Pashtun tribe, they played a key role in Sultan Muhammad Ghori's army and showed great bravery. The Tareen tribes of Hazara migrated from Kandahar as well as the Pishin District of Balochistan in the 17th century CE under the leadership of Sher Khan Tareen.

Ahmed Shah Abdali on his conquest of India deputed powerful tribal chiefs with conquered areas. In the Hazara region, amongst these deputed chiefs were Najeebullah Khan Tareen, Sa'adat Khan Swati of Garhi Habibullah, Mir Zabardast Khan Tanoli (also known as Suba Khan Tanoli), and some others. Tareens have some history with other Pashtun tribes of Hazara Division, uniting against Sikhs during the period of Sikh rule. People like Muhammad Khan Tareen and Bostan Khan Tareen are heroes for their staunch resistance against the Sikh empire, now revered as heroes of Hazara history.

Branches of the Tareen Tribe

The famous Khels and subsections of the Tareen tribe are Taur, Speen, Bor, Zharh and Abdaal. And sub tribes are Taranzai, Mangalzai, Bedalzai and Ferozzai. In Balochistan the major Sub-tribes of Tareen are Haroonzai, Alizai, Saimzai, Noorzai, Lalazai, Millizai, Shadizai, Sakhizai, Mohammadzai, Balozai, Aghakhel, Batezai, Hekalzai, Sheikhalzai, Kamalzai, Khanzai, Sagai, Raisani, Wazir, Jam, Sulaiman, Omchai are the closest Pashtun tribes to Tareen in the region of Hazara division, and in Multan too. Abdaal Tarin, or Abdali, is now a separate tribe, and usually goes by the name Durrani. The Durrani confederacy is one of the two most powerful tribal confederacies in Afghanistan, and is no longer considered part of the Tarin tribe. The other is led by the Ghilzai tribe. Tareens were from southern Afghanistan, then they migrated to India. Tareen's were a powerful race. They are now mostly in Pakistan, Europe, Afghanistan, Canada, America.

Tareen diaspora

The base of Tareen tribe is in Pishin near Quetta in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan. This area was formerly a part of Afghanistan but was ceded to the British after the Second Afghan War. Some families migrated to Haripur in Hazara Division in the present North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan (then part of British India).

Tareens are also settled in Harnai, Duki and Gulistan districts in Balochistan and Hazara Division, North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. They are also present in sizeable proportions in the areas near Kandahar in Afghanistan. A provincial capital in central Afghanistan is also named "Tareen Kowt" (Meaning castle of the Tareens). The Tareens have a sizeable presence in Multan since the times of Ahmad Shah Durrani.

One Abdul Karim Khan Tareen migrated from Multan to Istanbul (then capital of erstwhile Ottoman Turkey) in mid-nineteenth century and his descendants are living in Turkey but they do not use the Surname "Tareen", instead they use the name "Bey". [History of Tareens is available in Sir Olaf Caroe's book "The Pathans", Dewan Hakam Chand (Extra Assistant Commissioner)'s book "Tawareekh Multan" (Histories of Multan) Published 1878 (One volume available in the Multan Public Library, Bagh Langhe Khan, Multan), and the "Imperial Gazetteer of Quetta and Pishin Districts" (Published in late nineteenth century by the Government of Baluchistan at Peshawar).] However a considerable population of Tareen Pathans settled down in India and adopted Urdu/Hindi as their first language.

Tareens also settled in Peshawar, migrated from Pishin (Balochistan). The first person named Saghir came to Peshawar from Pishin and started living here in a village named Pajaggi near Peshawar city.

Balochistan

The province of Balochistan is dominated by two ethnic groups - the Pathans and the Baloch. The Tareen are the main tribe of Pathans and they are mainly located in Quetta, Pishin, Qilla Abdullah, Ziarat, Sanjavi, Harnai, Sharaga, Khost, Dukki, Loralai, Sibi, Usta Mohammad, Jhal Magsi, Ghandava, Mustung, Kalat and Khuzdar.

Pishin District has four main tribes the Tareen, Achakzai, Kakar and Syed. [ [http://www.dawn.com/weekly/herald/herald90.htm District Profile: Northern Balochistan � Pishin] ] The Tareen tribe is the Sardar of Pishin. Sardar Bashir Khan Tareen, Sardar Farooq Khan Tareen, and Sardar Mustafa Khan Tareen are the main notable persons of the Sardar family. These Sardar sub tribe is Haroonzai - Noorzai. Other families of the Noorzai tribe are located in Killi Torashah near Bund Khushdil Khan lake.

A major section of the Tareen Tribe, the Sehgi, is established in areas of Qilla Abdullah District. There has been a conflict between the Sehgi and the Achakzai tribe in this district. [ [http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007