Carucate
- Carucate
The carucate was a unit of assessment for tax used in most Danelaw counties of England, and is found for example in Domesday Book. The word derives from the Medieval Latin "caruca", meaning plough.
The carucate was based on the area a plough team of eight oxen could till in a single annual season. It was sub-divided into oxgangs, or "bovates", based on the area a single ox might till in the same period, which thus represented one eighth of a carucate; and it was analogous to the hide, a unit of tax assessment used outside the Danelaw counties. [ Though a carucate might nominally be regarded as an area of 120 acres (490,000 m²), and can usefully be compared to the hide, the true picture is vastly more complex: see e.g. Stenton, F.M., 'Introduction', in Foster, C.W. & Longley, T. (eds.), "The Lincolnshire Domesday and the Lindsey Survey", Lincoln Record Society, XIX, 1924, especially pp. ix-xix.]
The tax levied on each carucate came to be known as "carucage".
References
ee also
* Feudal measurement
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Carucate — Car u*cate, n. [LL. carucata, carrucata. See {Carucage}.] A plowland; as much land as one team can plow in a year and a day; by some said to be about 100 acres. Burrill. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
carucate — carucated, adj. /kar oo kayt , yoo /, n. an old English unit of land area measurement, varying from 60 to 160 acres. [1375 1425; late ME < ML carrucata, equiv. to car(r)uc(a) plow, plow team (L: traveling carriage, with the sense wheeled plow in… … Universalium
carucate — noun The area of land able to be ploughed in a day by a team of eight oxen … Wiktionary
Carucate — Land which could be ploughed in one year with eight oxen. The OldEngl. term was plogland. [< Lat. carucata < caruca = a plough] Cf. Carucage … Dictionary of Medieval Terms and Phrases
carucate — n. Plough land, hide land. [As much land as a team can plough in the year.] … New dictionary of synonyms
Carucate — 1) A measurement of land, equal to a hide (used in Danelaw) 2) Danish equivalent of a hide. The land ploughed by eight oxen; actual area varied locally and like the hide could be reassessed. (Wood, Michael. Domesday: A Search for the Roots of… … Medieval glossary
carucate — another name for the hide, an old English unit of land area. The name comes from a Latin word meaning plowland … Dictionary of units of measurement
carucate — noun ( s) Etymology: Middle English, from Medieval Latin carrucata, from carruca plow : any of various old English units of land area that in the counties of Suffolk, Norfolk, York, Lincoln, Derby … Useful english dictionary
carucata, carucate — /kaerakeyta/kserakeyt/ In old English law, a certain quantity of land used as the basis for taxation. A cartload. As much land as may be tilled by a single plow in a year and a day. A plow land of one hundred acres … Black's law dictionary
carucata, carucate — /kaerakeyta/kserakeyt/ In old English law, a certain quantity of land used as the basis for taxation. A cartload. As much land as may be tilled by a single plow in a year and a day. A plow land of one hundred acres … Black's law dictionary
