Glutaminase

Glutaminase

protein
Name=glutaminase
caption=


width=
HGNCid=4331
Symbol=GLS
AltSymbols=
EntrezGene=2744
OMIM=138280
RefSeq=NM_014905
UniProt=O94925
PDB=
ECnumber=3.5.1.2
Chromosome=2
Arm=q
Band=32
LocusSupplementaryData=-q34protein
Name=glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)
caption=


width=
HGNCid=29570
Symbol=GLS2
AltSymbols=
EntrezGene=27165
OMIM=606365
RefSeq=NM_013267
UniProt=Q9UI32
PDB=
ECnumber=
Chromosome=12
Arm=q
Band=13
LocusSupplementaryData=

Glutaminase is an amidohydrolase enzyme which generates glutamate from glutamine. Glutaminase has tissue-specific isoenzymes. Importantly, glutaminase is found in glial cells.

Glutaminase catalyzes the following reaction:

Glutamine + H2O → Glutamate + NH3

Glutaminase is expressed in periportal hepatocytes, where it generates NH3 (ammonia) for urea synthesis, as does glutamate dehydrogenase.

Glutaminase is also expressed in the epithelial cells of the renal tubules, where the produced ammonia is excreted as ammonium ions. This excretion of ammonium ions is an important mechanism of renal acid-base regulation.During an acidosis, glutaminase is induced in the kidney, which leads to an increase in the amount of ammonium ions excreted.

Glutaminase can also be found in the intestines, whereby hepatic portal ammonia can reach as high as 0.26mM (compared to an arterial blood ammonia of 0.02mM).

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Glutaminase — La glutaminase est une enzyme amidohydrolase qui génère du glutamate à partir de la glutamine. Glutamine + H2O → Glutamate + NH3 Portail de la biochimie Catégorie : Biochimie …   Wikipédia en Français

  • glutaminase — glutaminazė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Fermentas, skaidantis glutaminą iki glutamo rūgšties. atitikmenys: angl. glutaminase rus. глутаминаза …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • glutaminase — noun Date: 1938 an enzyme that hydrolyzes glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • glutaminase — noun Any enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia …   Wiktionary

  • glutaminase — An enzyme in kidney and other tissues that catalyzes the hydrolysis of l glutamine to ammonia and l glutamic acid; an important enzyme for urinary ammonia formation. * * * glu·ta·min·ase glüt ə mə .nās, glü tam ə , .nāz n a …   Medical dictionary

  • glutaminase — glu·ta·min·ase …   English syllables

  • glutaminase — n. an enzyme, found in the kidney, that catalyses the breakdown of the amino acid glutamine to ammonia and glutamic acid: a stage in the production of urea …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • glutaminase — ˈglüd.əmə̇ˌnās, glüˈtam , āz noun ( s) Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary glutamine + ase : an enzyme that hydrolyzes glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia * * * glutamˈinase noun An enzyme that hydrolyses glutamine • • • Main Entry …   Useful english dictionary

  • D-glutaminase — Identifiers EC number 3.5.1.35 CAS number 37289 12 6 …   Wikipedia

  • Protein-glutamine glutaminase — In enzymology, a protein glutamine glutaminase (EC number|3.5.1.44) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:protein L glutamine + H2O ightleftharpoons protein L glutamate + NH3Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are protein L… …   Wikipedia

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