Carl Wilkens

Carl Wilkens (1957—) is the Director of World Outside My Shoes, [http://worldoutsidemyshoes.org/] a non-profit educational and professional development organization committed to inspiring and equipping people to enter the world of “The Other”. “The Other” may be under our own roof or on the other side of the globe.

Carl Wilkens is the former head of the Adventist Development and Relief Agency International in Rwanda. In 1994, he was the only one out of 257 American who chose to remain in the country after the genocide began. His choice to stay and try to help resulted in preventing the massacre of hundreds of children over the course of the genocide.

Since 1978, when he first went to Africa as part of a college volunteer program, he has spent 13 years working on the continent. After training as a highschool shop teacher he later went back to night school and earned an MBA at the University of Baltimore. The combination of technology and business took him and his family to Rwanda.

To stay or not to stay?

He sent his wife and three children with an American convoy to Burundi [US officials were afraid to use Kigali airport, so they evacuated their citizens by cars] and stayed in his home in Kigali with several friends. Wilkens knew that he could not leave his friends, many of which were Tutsis including 2 in his house. His decision was made during conversations with his wife, Teresa:" [...] Teresa and I would go back to the bedroom and we would talk, because we had made a decision that I wouldn't evacuate. We would pray, and I'd say, "Does this still seem right?" and she said, "Yes, it does"." [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ghosts/interviews/wilkens.html frontline: ghosts of rwanda: interviews: carl wilkens | PBS ] ] Wilkens stayed in Rwanda even as others fled, including US officials. No one was more surprised by his decision to remain in Rwanda than the Rwandan people. Thomas Kayumba, Carl's co-worker, said: "All the foreigners left, but not Wilkens. He was still young. To take leave of his little children and his wife, to give himself to the Rwandan people, I don’t know how to explain it."http://www.humanrightsblog.org/reports/Wilkens.pdf]

Gisimba orphanage

The first three weeks were spent in his house, but when there was a possibility to go out and do anything to people, who were slaughtered every day, sometimes just meters away, he gave his all to help them. It was Wilkens who saved about 400 people from Gisimba Orphanage. During these crazy days in 1994, when on the streets Interahamwe reigned, and on almost every crossroad there was a roadblock, Carl and his friends were driving their car delivering water, food and money to people in need. Sometimes even more important to the people trying to stay alive was the information and the sense that they were not left completely alone in the horror. Wilkens and his friends risked their lives day by day on roadblocks, sometimes ADRA's car was target of acts of aggression. But they didn't stop.

One day, when Carl arrived at Gisimba, he saw more than 50 armed militiamen who were, it was quite obvious, waiting for an occasion to kill everyone inside the orphanage, but his presence there apparently stopped them. So Wilkens decided to sleep that night with the kids. He stayed there until, using all his connections, he found 4 gandarmes [which in situation like that was itself a miracle] to guard the people inside and then jumped into his car to find the governor, who could help him to save the orphans. When he was in his office, another miracle happened - Hutu prime minister Jean Kambanda, was there and someone told Wilkens to ask him for help. American himself describes situation with these words: "Ask him?" It's like that's the stupidest thing you could imagine - to ask this guy who is obviously orchestrating the genocide, a key player, and yet I have no other options. … [He's like] , "Just go out in the hallway. He's in the next office. When he comes out, ask him." So I went out [into the hallway] … and [a] door opens. Everybody snaps to attention, and here comes [the prime minister] and his little entourage. They're coming down the hall, and I am, too. I put my hand out and I said, "Mr. Prime Minister, I'm Carl Wilkins, the director of ADRA." He stops and he looks at me, and then he takes my hand and shakes it and said, "Yes, I've heard about you and your work. How is it?" I said, "Well, honestly, sir, it's not very good right now. The orphans at Gisimba are surrounded, and I think there's going to be a massacre, if there hasn't been already." He turns around, talks to some of his aides or whatever, [and he turns back to me and] he says, "We're aware of the situation, and those orphans are going to be safe. I'll see to it"."

And it worked. But Wilkens, who was afraid of another militiamen attempt to kill people inside Gisimba, decided to move survivors to a save haven - Saint Michel Cathedral. Again he used all his connections and in few days, he organized 2 buses and a military escort, which was to help them to get through the most dangerous roadblocks. Wilkens himself negotiated with armed men on the way to the cathedral. In the end, everyone was transported do Saint Michel alive and unharmed.

Vatier Orphanage and Nyamirambo Adventist Church

It was quite similar situation to that in Gisimba. Wilkens also took responsibility for saving the lives of kids hiding there. The orphanage was run by a Frenchman, Mark Vatier, and before April 1994 its main goal was to take care of 16 HIV-positive orphans. But during the genocide it was a hiding place for about 100 kids. They literally didn't have drinking water and were running out of food and it was just when Wilkens appeared, bringing most needed supplies. What's funny, none of the children spoke English nor Carl spoke Kinyarwanda, so at first kids who didn't know his name used to call him: ADRA SOS [it was written on his car] . When the situation became critical [there was fighting going on between RPF and Hutu army in the area where orphanage was situated] , again Wilkens tried to relocate survivors to Saint Michel Cathedral. His obstinacy allowed him to do it once again. People from the orphanage were safe.

Same thing he did for 12 survivors from Adventist Church in Nyamirambo. They were transported to the safe haven in Hôtel des Mille Collines.

Conversation with the Devil?

Wilkens reminisces, that situation during genocide was very complex, that he was working often on the edge of law and morality: I was in so many positions that could have been interpreted as compromising or even collaborating with the enemy. … Who's going to believe someone who goes to court and says, "Well, actually I asked [the prime minister] to help me save some Tutsis?" Who's going to believe that? The stuff in the genocide just turns.Wilkens himself, to save peoples lives, was negotiating with col. Tharcisse Renzaho - governor of Kigali and with prime minister Jean Kambanda later sentenced for life imprisonment by International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda [ICTR] . General Romeo Dallaire was facing the same dilemma: is it morally acceptable to "shake hand with the Devil" in order to save someone's life? But effects of such negotiations - thousands of saved human beings - make ones feel, that it was worthy to pay the price.

After RPF's victory

When the units of Rwandan Patriotic Front took over Kigali on June 4th 1994, it wasn't still the end of service for Wilkens. Asked by RPF's officials, he helped distributing water, food and supplies for Kiaglis inhabitants. It was the case of for example Saint Andre College in Nyamirambo [where were aobut 12.000 people] and Kacyiru camp for internally displaced.

He also tried to find all his ADRA co-workers. Many times, such actions ended with a happy end. One of the most moving moments took place near Gitarama, when he found Amiel Gahima: "As we walked past the town of Gitarama towards Kigali, I abruptly saw a pick up truck with the ADRA flag. The vehicle suddenly stopped as it approached us. I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw Carl Wilkens coming towards me from the vehicle. As he saw me, emaciated and frail, carrying my three-year-old son on my shoulders, he was in tears."

Return to Rwanda and present day

When he finally ended his mission, he went back to USA for a while. But in 1995 he, his wife Teresa and 3 children came back to Rwanda and for next 18 months Wilkens was working for the Adventist Church in reconstruction activities. Since 1996 he has been living in the USA. He became an adventist pastor and is working in [http://www.miloacademy.net/ Milo Adventist Academy] in Days Creek, Oregon. He visits Rwanda from time to time to see his friends and co-workers. When he was giving a sermon in Kigali in December 2005, crowd of over 3000 people attended his service.

Movies about Rwandan Genocide

* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0395169/ Hotel Rwanda] 2004
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ghosts/ Ghosts of Rwanda] (2004)
* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0424435/ Shake Hands with the Devil: The Journey of Roméo Dallaire] 2004
* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0420901/ Shooting Dogs] 2005
* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0400063/ Sometimes in April] 2005

ee also

* The Church and the Rwandan Genocide
* Roméo Dallaire
* United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
* Rwandan Patriotic Front
* Paul Kagame
* Bibliography of the Rwandan Genocide

Notes

External links

* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ghosts/interviews/wilkens.html Interview with Carl Wilkens]
* [http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/rwanda/segc1.html An article about Carl Wilkens]
* [http://www.humanrightsblog.org/reports/Wilkens.pdf Book in pdf: ">>A True Humanitarian.<< A Tribute to Carl Wilkens""]
* [http://worldoutsidemyshoes.org Carl Wilkens' Web]
* [mailto:[e-mail] Write to Carl Wilkens]