Passiflora foetida

Taxobox
name = Foetid Passion Flower


image_caption = "Passiflora foetida" flower
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Malpighiales
familia = Passifloraceae
genus = "Passiflora"
species = "P. foetida"
binomial = "Passiflora foetida"
binomial_authority = L.
synonyms ="Dysosmia ciliata" M.Roem. "Dysosmia fluminensis" M.Roem. "Dysosmia foetida" (L.) M.Roem. "Dysosmia gossypifolia" (Desv. ex Ham.) M.Roem. "Dysosmia hastata" (Bertol.) M.Roem. "Dysosmia hibiscifolia" (Lam.) M.Roem. "Dysosmia nigelliflora" (Hook.)M.Roem. "Granadilla foetida" (L.) Gaertn. "Passiflora baraquiniana" Lem. "Passiflora ciliata" Dryand.

The Foetid Passion Flower or Stinking Passion Flower ("Passiflora foetida"), also known as the Wild Maracuja or Running Pop, is a creeping vine which has an edible fruit and leaves that have a mildly rank aroma. It is native to northern South America and the West Indies; it can also be found in South East Asian countries like Vietnam and on Hawaii.

The stems are thin, wiry and woody, covered with sticky yellow hairs. The leaves are three- to five-lobed and viscid-hairy. They give off an unpleasant odour when crushed. The flowers are white to pale cream coloured, about 5-6 cm diameter. The fruit is globose, 2-3 cm diameter, yellowish-orange to red when ripe, and has numerous black seeds embedded in the pulp; the fruit are eaten and the seeds dispersed by birds.

The bracts of this plant serve as insect traps, but it is as yet unknown whether the plant digests and gains nourishment from the trapped insects or if it merely uses the bracts as a defensive mechanism to protect its flowers and fruit. This is still an issue of debate and research among carnivorous plant enthusiasts.

This passion flower tolerates arid ground, but favours wet areas. It is known to be an invasive species in some areas.

Uses

The fruits are kumquat sized with a thin, scarlet red shell surrounding a blush-white pulp, mildly sweet, delicately flavored. Young leaves and plant tips are edible. Dry leaves are used in tea in Vietnamese folk medicine to relieve sleeping problems.

References

* [http://medind.nic.in/imvw/imvw14993.html Defence and Carnivory: dual role of bracts in "Passiflora foetida"] abstract from "Journal of Biosciences" 20(5): 657-664, December 1995.
* List of plants of Caatinga vegetation of Brazil