Thomas Oliver (husband of Bridget Bishop)

Thomas Oliver (c 1601 England—June 1679 Salem, Essex Co, MA) was the second husband of Bridget Bishop, who on 10 June 1692 became the first victim of the Salem witchcraft trials.

Oliver is a major link in the old and well-known theory that his widow, Bridget Bishop, was executed on trumped up charges because her in-laws were jealous of what she had inherited from him. Upham's "History of the Salem Witchcraft Trials" makes clear that her marriage to Thomas Oliver is a determining factor in the witchcraft prosecution of Bridget Oliver Bishop.

First Marriage

Thomas Oliver married Mary Leman 29 Jan 1626 in Norwich Norfolk England. They originally immigrated to Boston, with 2 children and 2 servants, on the "Mary Anne" in 1637. At that time Thomas Oliver's profession was Calender. They moved to Salem where he accumulated property which he left there when they returned to England.Mary Oliver's constant and unpleasant public comments (especially her support of Roger Williams) caused her to be punished as early as 1638.Thomas Oliver's inability or perhaps unwillingness to control her caused them to be exiled from the Colony and return to England c. 1649. They had at least 3 sons, and according to Upham at least 3 daughters. One daughter married a constable who may have caused Bridget Oliver Bishop to be brought up on charges of Witchcraft.

Second Marriage

Bridget Warilbe/Wasselbe

Thomas Oliver married Bridget 26 July 1666.During their marriage he was reputed to be a wife beater.After his death she was brought up on charges of witching him to death, (this was not the first time she was accused of witchcraft, but it was perhaps the first time she was put on trial).This time she was acquitted. However this seems to have set her up for the second charge in 1692 as the result of which she was hanged.

Estate

When he left the colony for England he had a considerable amount of real property to which he returned after his first wife Mary's death.His estate included a house and sometime tavern in Salem, Massachusetts near the meeting house where after his death his widow Bridget Oliver Bishop was known for staying up late into the night entertaining her guests with playing shovelboard. During the scholarly reexaminations of the Witchcraft trials during the 19th Century Bridget Bishop's claims on this estate were posited as the real reason for her being accused of witchcraft. In one of his books Upham makes clear that one of the police officials was married to one of her in-laws who had expressed jealousy of Bridget Oliver Bishop's having property near the meeting house at Salem.

Miscellaneous

One of the judges in the 1692 Salem Witchcraft Trials was married to the granddaughter of a woman whose name was Magdalen Ollyver.

References

*A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England. James Savage, Boston MA: Little Brown & Co., 1860.

*Salem Witchcraft with an account of Salem Village and a history of opinions on Witchcraft and Kindred Subjects. Charles W. Upham, NY: Frederick Unger Pub Co, 1978, 2 vv.

*Francis Winslow and his Forbears and Life Based upon Family Records and Correspondence during 30 Years. Arthur Winslow, Norwood, MA: Plimpton Press, 1935.