Hawkhurst

infobox UK place
country = England
official_name= Hawkhurst
population = 4,400 [http://www.hawkhurstpc.kentparishes.gov.uk/About+Hawkhurst/]
shire_district= Tunbridge Wells
shire_county = Kent
region= South East England
constituency_westminster= Maidstone and The Weald
PostTown= Tonbridge
postcode_district = TN18
postcode_area= TN
dial_code= 01580
os_grid_reference= TQ765305
latitude= 51.0471
longitude= 0.5173

Hawkhurst is a village and civil parish in the borough of Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England. The parish lies to the south-east of Tunbridge Wells.

Hawkhurst itself is virtually two villages—one, the older of the two, consisting mainly of cottages clustered around a large triangular green known as the Moor, and the other, further north on the main road, called Highgate. Each part has a different character. Highgate stands on a crossroads and is where the shops and hotels lie.

The village was the centre of the Wealden iron industry until the Industrial Revolution of the late 18th Century. William Penn, founder of the state of Pennsylvania, owned ironworks at Hawkhurst in the 17th centuryFact|date=February 2007.

Also, Hawkhurst court is the name of a street in Hoppers Crossing, Melbourne, Australia

Origin of Name

The place name Hawkhurst is derived from Old English "heafoc hyrst", meaning a wooded hill frequented by hawks - 'Hawk Wood'. Hurst (Hyrst) in a place name refers to a wood or wooded area. In 1254, the name is recorded as Hauekehurst; in 1278, it is often shown as Haukhurst; by 1610, it had changed to Hawkherst, which then evolved into the current spelling. [The Place Names of Kent, Judith Glover ISBN 0905270 614] [The Origin of English Place Names, P.H.Reaney ISBN 0-7100-2010-4]

Transport

Roads

Hawkhurst lies at the intersection of the A229 and A268 (see map). The village lies on the route of a Roman road which here crossed the Weald.

Railway

There was previously a branch railway line from Paddock Wood, on the London – Dover main line, opened on September 4, 1893; however, as all the stations on the line except Horsmonden were some distance from the villages they purported to serve, the line finally closed on June 12, 1961.The station site is now an industrial area just off the Cranbrook Road but some original buildings are still standing and in a good state of preservation.

Churches

There was originally a parish church serving each part of the village: the northernmost church dedicated to All Saints (http://www.digiserve.com/peter/hawk-as.htm see these notes) is, as of 2004, closed.

St Laurence’s parish church remains at Hawkhurst Moor. During World War II a bomb fell on its churchyard, destroying most gravestones and stained glass.

The Hawkhurst Gang

High taxation on luxury goods in the early 1700s led to an upsurge in smuggling, and Hawkhurst gave its name to one of the most notorious gangs of ruffians and smugglers. They terrorised the countryside: several of the local houses, including Hawkhurst Place, the Tudor Arms hotel, the Oak and Ivy pub and Tickners, claim associations with the gang. They were the kings of the trade, bringing brandy, silk and tobacco up from Rye to be stowed away in hidden cellars and passages before being sold off to the local gentry. The "Battle of Goudhurst" eventually brought their career to an end.Fact|date=February 2007

Hawkhurst celebrities

The 19th century astronomer Sir John Herschel (1792–1871) lived in Hawkhurst for thirty years.Fact|date=February 2007

Hawkhurst lays claim to be the birthplace of the Rootes car empire. It was here, in the village, that William Rootes set up shop as a cycle trader before ambition and opportunity conspired to take him and his two sons, William and Reginald, into the rather more lucrative production of Hillman, Humber and Sunbeam cars and so into English automobile history.Fact|date=February 2007

The opening of the largest country home of the Dr. Barnado organisation, named "Babies' Castle" took place in 1886 by HRH Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck and her daughter Princess Mary, later George V's Queen Mary. The home became an adult care centre in 1963, and was recently purchased by private developers to be turned into flats.Fact|date=February 2007

Hawkhurst is also the birth place of TV comedian and actor Alexander Mitchell, who is best known for his roles in Turkey Shoot and Radio Flyer, where he played Flexy.

Sources

* "The Place Names of Kent", Judith Glover.
* "The Origin of English Place Names", P.H.Reaney.
* "The Dictionary of British Place Names"
* "Dictionary of English Place Names", A.D.Mills.

References

External links

* [http://www.heyerlist.org/tua/smuggling.html Includes list of Hawkurst Gang members]
* http://www.hawkhurst-happens.org.uk/Default.aspx Hawkhurst Happens Website