- Ivan Zarutsky
Ivan Martynovich Zarutsky ("Заруцкий, Иван Мартынович" in Russian) (? - 1614) was a
Cossack leader inRussia in the early 17th century.In 1606-1607,
ataman Zarutsky and his men took part in theBolotnikov Uprising . AfterIvan Bolotnikov 's defeat on the outskirts ofMoscow , Zarutsky went toPoland to take the side of "tsar Dmitry" (False Dmitri II) and Polish kingSigismund III Vasa . Zarutsky played an important role in creating the military for False Dmitri II and took part in all of his battles, for which he would be given the title of a "boyar ".After the death of the
impostor , Zarutsky married Dmitri's widowMarina Mniszech and set the goal to install her son Ivan on the Russianthrone . In January of 1611, Zarutsky joined theFirst People's Volunteer Army , which had been fighting with the Polish invaders in Moscow under the command ofProkopy Lyapunov . Zarutsky organized Lyapunov'sassassination and became the leader of the army; however, most of theservice class people left it after that. Zarutsky was left with a scanty unit of the Cossacks, who couldn't struggle successfully in small numbers. The leader of theSecond People's Volunteer Army ,Dmitry Pozharsky , urged the people to unite and not to recognize the authority of Marina Mniszech, her son and Zarutsky. After an unsuccessful attempt to kill Pozharsky, Zarutsky had to flee toAstrakhan due to thedesertion of his supporters and People's Army's advancement towards Moscow. In 1614, the people of Astrakhan decided that Zarutsky and hisclique didn't meet their interests and organized an uprising against him. Zarutsky fled to the Uralsteppe s, where he, Marina Mniszech and her son Ivan would be caught by the Cossacks and handed over to the government.Zarutsky and Marina Mniszech's little son Ivan were executed in Moscow in 1614. Marina Mniszech soon died in
prison .
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