Néstor Cerpa Cartolini

Néstor Cerpa in police mugshot

Néstor Cerpa Cartolini (August 14, 1953 in Lima – April 22, 1997 in Lima) — sometimes known by the nom de guerre "Evaristo" — was a member, then leader of the Peruvian Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) guerrilla movement.

Cerpa was born in the Lima working class district of La Victoria.^[1] As a union leader in the 1970s he was involved in the takeover by workers of the Cromotex textile factory in December 1978, which was violently ended by the military government in February 1979, resulting in the deaths of several workers. Following the release of the survivors in late 1979, Cerpa organized a sit-in at the United Nations communications office in Lima.^[2]

In the early 1980s he became involved with the nascent MRTA and quickly rose to be the leader of the San Martín Zone Committee, and thence to the national leadership of the MRTA. As an MRTA militant he is alleged to have led and/or participated in:

• Takeover of the Lima head offices of El Nacional newspaper, forcing its workers to print an MRTA communiqué.^[3]
• Putting a guerrilla flag in the "Plaza Unión", in Lima, on September 9, 1984.
• Arson at the KFC on Avenida Benavides, Surco, Lima, on March 20, 1985.
• Attempted attack on the office of Sedapal, located in the intersection of Avenida Benavides and La Paz in Miraflores.
• Assault and armed robbery against the San Borja Galleria on March 30, 1985, also in Lima.
• Assault on the Julio C. Tello Technological Institute in Villa el Salvador on May 6, 1985.
• Assault and armed robbery against Electro Perú, Lima, on May 25, 1985.

In late 1985 Cerpa travelled to Colombia, where he headed the "Leoncio Prado" Squad, one of three MRTA squads that participated in a joint military venture with Colombia's M-19 movement and Ecuador's ¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo! and Quintín Lame guerrillas.^[4]

After his return to Peru, and following the capture of Victor Polay, Cerpa became the most prominent leader within the MRTA and one of the few publicly-known faces within the movement.

Following the April 1992 "self-coup" by Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori, the MRTA suffered heavy losses at the hands of the Peruvian police and military, which coupled with internal problems, had brought the organization to the brink of defeat.^[5] In this context, Cerpa and the MRTA leadership looked to a spectacular action to break the MRTA out of its growing isolation.^[6][7]

In December 1996, Cerpa led an MRTA commando squad in seizing the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima, which started what is now called the Japanese embassy hostage crisis. The MRTA's main demand was for the exchange of the hostages for 465 members of the MRTA in prison,^[8] including Cerpa's wife Nancy Gilvonio, the Chilean members of the organization, and U.S. citizen Lori Berenson. The government rejected the demands, and on April 22, 1997, after 126 days, a 140-man team of commandos of the Peruvian Armed Forces stormed the Japanese ambassador's residence to rescue all the hostages. One hostage and two soldiers died in the assault, as did all fourteen (MRTA) guerrillas.

On April 24, 1997, Cerpa's body was interred without ceremony in a cemetery in the Lima suburb of Villa María del Triunfo.^[9]

Footnotes

1. ^ Biografía y documentos de Nestor Cerpa Cartolini at Scribd.com
2. ^ Biografía y documentos de Nestor Cerpa Cartolini at Scribd.com
3. ^ Biografía y documentos de Nestor Cerpa Cartolini at Scribd.com
4. ^ Biografía y documentos de Nestor Cerpa Cartolini at Scribd.com
5. ^ Gordon H. McCormick, Sharp Dressed Men: Peru's Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. RAND, 1993.
6. ^ Interview with Isaac Velasco, European representative of the MRTA, 24 December 1996
7. ^ Biografía y documentos de Nestor Cerpa Cartolini at Scribd.com
8. ^ Dirección Nacional del MRTA Comunicado No. 1 (17 December 1996)
9. ^ New York Times, April 26, 1997

Persondata
Name	Cartolini, Nestor Cerpa
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	August 14, 1953
Place of birth
Date of death	April 22, 1997
Place of death