Apolipoprotein C3

Apolipoprotein C3

Apolipoprotein C-III is a very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) protein. APOC3 inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase; it is thought to delay catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles. The APOA1, APOC3 and APOA4 genes are closely linked in both rat and human genomes. The A-I and A-IV genes are transcribed from the same strand, while the A-1 and C-III genes are convergently transcribed. An increase in apoC-III levels induces the development of hypertriglyceridemia.

ee also

* ApolipoproteinLately, two novel susceptibility haplotypes i.e. P2-S2-X1 and P1-S2-X1 have been discovered in ApoAI-CIII-AIV gene cluster on chromosme 11q23, who confer approximately threefold higher risk of coronary heart disease in normal [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17825930&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum] as well as non-insulin diabetes mellitus [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17654446&ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum] .

External links

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References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Singh PP, Singh M, Kaur TP, Grewal SS|title=A novel haplotype in ApoAI-CIII-AIV gene region is detrimental to Northwest Indians with coronary heart disease |journal= Int J Cardiol |year= 2007 |pmid= 17825930 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Singh PP, Singh M, Gaur S, Grewal SS|title=The ApoAI-CIII-AIV gene cluster and its relation to lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease: determination of a novel susceptible haplotype.|journal= Diab Vasc Dis Res |volume=4 |issue= 2 |pages= 124–29 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17654446 |doi=
*cite journal | author=von Eckardstein A, Holz H, Sandkamp M, "et al." |title=Apolipoprotein C-III(Lys58----Glu). Identification of an apolipoprotein C-III variant in a family with hyperalphalipoproteinemia. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=87 |issue= 5 |pages= 1724–31 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2022742 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Karathanasis SK, Zannis VI, Breslow JL |title=Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones corresponding to two different human apoC-III alleles. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=26 |issue= 4 |pages= 451–6 |year= 1985 |pmid= 2989400 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Karathanasis SK, Oettgen P, Haddad IA, Antonarakis SE |title=Structure, evolution, and polymorphisms of the human apolipoprotein A4 gene (APOA4). |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=83 |issue= 22 |pages= 8457–61 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3095836 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maeda H, Hashimoto RK, Ogura T, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of a human apoC-III variant: Thr 74----Ala 74 mutation prevents O-glycosylation. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=28 |issue= 12 |pages= 1405–9 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3123586 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Karathanasis SK |title=Apolipoprotein multigene family: tandem organization of human apolipoprotein AI, CIII, and AIV genes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=82 |issue= 19 |pages= 6374–8 |year= 1985 |pmid= 3931073 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Zannis VI, Cole FS, Jackson CL, "et al." |title=Distribution of apolipoprotein A-I, C-II, C-III, and E mRNA in fetal human tissues. Time-dependent induction of apolipoprotein E mRNA by cultures of human monocyte-macrophages. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=24 |issue= 16 |pages= 4450–5 |year= 1985 |pmid= 3931677 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Shelley CS, Sharpe CR, Baralle FE, Shoulders CC |title=Comparison of the human apolipoprotein genes. Apo AII presents a unique functional intron-exon junction. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=186 |issue= 1 |pages= 43–51 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3935800 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hospattankar AV, Brewer HB, Ronan R, Fairwell T |title=Amino acid sequence of human plasma apolipoprotein C-III from normolipidemic subjects. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=197 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 67–73 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3949020 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Brewer HB, Shulman R, Herbert P, "et al." |title=The complete amino acid sequence of alanine apolipoprotein (apoC-3), and apolipoprotein from human plasma very low density lipoproteins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=249 |issue= 15 |pages= 4975–84 |year= 1974 |pmid= 4846755 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Karathanasis SK, McPherson J, Zannis VI, Breslow JL |title=Linkage of human apolipoproteins A-I and C-III genes. |journal=Nature |volume=304 |issue= 5924 |pages= 371–3 |year= 1983 |pmid= 6308458 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sharpe CR, Sidoli A, Shelley CS, "et al." |title=Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=12 |issue= 9 |pages= 3917–32 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6328445 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Law SW, Gray G, Brewer HB |title=cDNA cloning of human apoA-I: amino acid sequence of preproapoA-I. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=112 |issue= 1 |pages= 257–64 |year= 1983 |pmid= 6404278 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Protter AA, Levy-Wilson B, Miller J, "et al." |title=Isolation and sequence analysis of the human apolipoprotein CIII gene and the intergenic region between the apo AI and apo CIII genes. |journal=DNA |volume=3 |issue= 6 |pages= 449–56 |year= 1985 |pmid= 6439535 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Levy-Wilson B, Appleby V, Protter A, "et al." |title=Isolation and DNA sequence of full-length cDNA for human preapolipoprotein CIII. |journal=DNA |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= 359–64 |year= 1985 |pmid= 6548954 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dammerman M, Sandkuijl LA, Halaas JL, "et al." |title=An apolipoprotein CIII haplotype protective against hypertriglyceridemia is specified by promoter and 3' untranslated region polymorphisms. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 10 |pages= 4562–6 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8099442 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Wu JH, Kao JT, Wen MS, Lo SK |title=DNA polymorphisms at the apolipoprotein A1-CIII loci in Taiwanese: correlation of plasma APOCIII with triglyceride level and body mass index. |journal=J. Formos. Med. Assoc. |volume=99 |issue= 5 |pages= 367–74 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10870325 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Geraci MW, Moore M, Gesell T, "et al." |title=Gene expression patterns in the lungs of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: a gene microarray analysis. |journal=Circ. Res. |volume=88 |issue= 6 |pages= 555–62 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11282888 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Inoue Y, Miyazaki M, Tsuji T, "et al." |title=Reactivation of liver-specific gene expression in an immortalized human hepatocyte cell line by introduction of the human HNF4alpha2 gene. |journal=Int. J. Mol. Med. |volume=8 |issue= 5 |pages= 481–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11605014 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Pastier D, Lacorte JM, Chambaz J, "et al." |title=Two initiator-like elements are required for the combined activation of the human apolipoprotein C-III promoter by upstream stimulatory factor and hepatic nuclear factor-4. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 17 |pages= 15199–206 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11839757 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M200227200
*cite journal | author=Chhabra S, Narang R, Krishnan LR, "et al." |title=Apolipoprotein C3 SstI polymorphism and triglyceride levels in Asian Indians. |journal=BMC Genet. |volume=3 |issue= |pages= 9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12052247 |doi=

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