- Kenkichi Yoshizawa
nihongo|Kenkichi Yoshizawa|芳沢謙吉|Yoshizawa Kenkichi|extra=
24 January 1874 –5 January 1965 was a diplomat in theEmpire of Japan , serving as 46th Foreign Minister of Japan in 1932.Biography
Yoshizawa was a native of what is now part of Joetsu city,
Niigata prefecture . He was a graduate of theEnglish literature department ofTokyo University and entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1899. He was assigned to the Japaneseconsulate inAmoy ,China in 1902, and later to the consulate inShanghai .In 1905, Yoshizawa married the eldest daughter of politician (and future Prime Minister)
Tsuyoshi Inukai , and moved toLondon . He continued to live inEngland for the next several years, eventually becoming First Secretary to the Japanese embassy. He was given the post of Consul-General inHankou , China in 1912.Yoshizawa served as Minister to China from 1923-1929, and was stationed at the Japanese consulates at
Beijing andTianjin . He met withSoviet Foreign Minister Lev Karakhan in Beijing in 1925 for talks which led to the formal establishment ofdiplomatic relations between Japan and theSoviet Union per theSoviet-Japanese Basic Convention . [Nish, Japanese Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, page 52]Yoshizawa later served as Japanese ambassador to
France and official representative to theLeague of Nations . [Wilson, The Manchurian Crisis and Japanese Society 1931-1933, page 20 ]He was appointed to the cabinet of Prime Minister
Inukai Tsuyoshi as Foreign Minister from1932-01-14 to1932-05-26 . On receiving word of his appointment, Yoshizawa traveled from Europe back to Japan via theTrans-Siberian Railway andManchuria to see conditions first-hand. [Nish, Japanese Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, page 78] Following the assassination of Inukai in theMay 15 Incident , the Inukai cabinet was dissolved. However, Yoshizawa received an appointment to theHouse of Peers by command ofEmperor Hirohito , and joined theRikken Seiyūkai political party .In the period immediately prior to the start of the
Pacific War , Yoshizawa was appointed as a special envoy by Prime MinisterFumimaro Konoe to theNetherlands East Indies following the diplomatic mission ofIchizo Kobayashi . Yoshizawa was assigned to present a new set of demands on the Dutch government in Batavia, which were deliberately intended to be unacceptable. [Ferguson, The War of the World; Twentieth Century Conflict and the Descent of the West, page 494]
*Adherence to Japans vision and policy in South East Asia,
*Unrestricted rights to explore and exploit minerals all over the Dutch East Indies
*Unrestricted fishing and shipping rights in all the waters of the Dutch East Indies
*Unrestricted rights to start all sorts of commercial enterprises
*Japans export to the DEI must be increased to more than 80% of all imports of the Dutch East Indies
*The existing demand for oil was slightly increased to 3,800,000 tons
*The Dutch East Indies was to supply Japan with 1,000,000 tons of tin, 400,000 tons of bauxite, 180,000 tons of nickel, 30,000 tons of rubber, 30,000 tons of coconut oil and 10,000 tons of sugar.
*Airline and telegraph connections between Japan and the Dutch East IndiesIn December 1940, Yoshizawa was met by
Hubertus Johannes van Mook , deputy minister of Economic Affairs,K. L. J. Enthoven , director of Justice, andHoessein Djajadiningrat , director of Education and Religion. The negotiations dragged on unsuccessfully, and Yoshizawa suddenly announced his plan to depart and asked to be received by the Dutch Governor-GeneralA. W. L. Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer on1941-06-17 . The latter was worried that he might receive adeclaration of war , but to his relief Yoshizawa only handed him a draft declaration stating that the negotiations had ended without an agreement.From 1941-1944, Yoshizawa served as Japanese ambassador to
French Indochina . The posting was mostly symbolic, as by then mostly under Japanese military occupation. In August 1945, he became a member of the Privy Council.After the end of
World War II ,Yoshizawa was purged from public office by the American occupation authorities. In post-war Japan, he was appointed as Japanese ambassador to theRepublic of China onTaiwan in 1952. He retired from public life in December 1956.References
*cite book
last = Beasley
first = W.G.
authorlink =
coauthors =
year = 1991
title = Japanese Imperialism 1894-1945
publisher = Oxford University Press
location =
id = ISBN 0198221681
*cite book
last = Ferguson
first = Niall
year = 2006
title = The War of the World; Twentieth Century Conflict and the Descent of the West
publisher = Penguin Press
id = ISBN 1594201005
*cite book
last = Nish
first = Ian
year = 2005
title = Japanese Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period
publisher = Harvard University Asia Center
id = ISBN 0674017781
*cite book
last = Wilson
first = Sandra
year = 2001
title = The Manchurian Crisis and Japanese Society 1931-1933
publisher = Routledge
location =
id = ISBN 0415250560External links
* [http://www.suwa.jorne.ed.jp/en/yoshi.html brief bio with photo]
Notes
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