Le merle noir

"Le merle noir" ("The Blackbird") is a chamber work by the French composer Olivier Messiaen for flute and piano. It was written and first performed in 1952 [Not 1951, the date given by Messiaen.  See Hill and Simeone, p. 199] and is the composer's shortest independently-published work, lasting just over five minutes.  This work has become a staple of the French flute and piano repertoire.Fact|date=November 2007The composition originated in a commission for a test piece for flute for the Paris Conservatoire, at which Messiaen was a professor. [Hill & Simeone, p. 199] The winners of the premier prix in the Concours de flûte that year were Daniel Morlier, Jean Eustache, Jean Ornetti, Régis Calle and the British flute player Alexander Murray. [Information obtained from Paris Conservatoire.] Messiaen had a consuming, lifelong interest in ornithology and particularly bird songs.  While not his first work to incorporate stylised birdsong, "Le merle noir" was the earliest of his pieces to be based mainly on birdsong [Griffiths, Grove] , and it foreshadows Messiaen's later, more extended birdsong-inspired pieces.

References

*cite book|title=Messiaen|author=Hill, Peter and Simeone, Nigel|publisher=Yale University Press, New Haven and London|year=2005|id=ISBN 0-300-10907-5
* Paul Griffiths: "Olivier Messiaen", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed March 31, 2007), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]

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