Retinene

Retinene

The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions.

Retinene1 is better known as retinaldehyde or simply retinal and is fundamental in the transduction of light into visual signals in the photoreceptor level of the retina (known as the visual cycle). Retinene2 is more formally known as dehydroretinaldehyde.

The energy of impinging photons will convert retinaldehyde from an 11-cis isomer into an all-trans form. In the retina, this conversion induces a conformational change in the surrounding photopsin protein pigment, leading to signaling through the G protein transducin. Retinaldehyde also forms a part of bacteriorhodopsin, a light-induced proton pump found in some archaea.

Experimentally, it is possible to replace 11-cis retinaldehyde by perfusing retinal tissue preparations with retinaldehyde derivatives. Selective modification of the retinaldehyde structure, particularly the density of electrons in the π-orbitals, can lead to insights into the interaction between the retinaldehyde moiety and the surrounding pigment protein.

ee also

*Visual cycle


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  • retinene — [ret′ n ēn΄] n. [ RETIN(A) + ENE] Biochem. RETINAL …   English World dictionary

  • rétinène — ● rétinal ou rétinène nom masculin Aldéhyde diterpénique C20H28O, apparenté au rétinol, et dont l union avec l opsine forme la rhodopsine, ou pourpre rétinien. rétinène [ʀetinɛn] ou rétinal [ʀetinal] n. m. ÉTYM. 1972, Manuila; de rétine, et suff …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • retinene — noun Date: 1934 retinal …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Rétinène — Vitamine A Vitamine A (Rétinol) Ecriture topologique du Rétinol Général Nom IUPAC Tout trans 3,7 Dimethyl 9 (2,6,6 trimethyl 1 cy …   Wikipédia en Français

  • retinene — noun a) Either of two carotenoid pigments found in the retina and produced from vitamin A; retinal b) retinaldehyde …   Wiktionary

  • retinene — SYN: retinaldehyde. * * * ret·i·nene ret ən .ēn n either of two aldehydes derived from vitamin A: a) RETINAL b) an orange red crystalline compound C20H26O related to vitamin A2 and formed from porphyropsin by the action of light * * * n. see… …   Medical dictionary

  • retinene-1 — SYN: retinaldehyde …   Medical dictionary

  • retinene-2 — SYN: dehydroretinaldehyde …   Medical dictionary

  • retinene — re·ti·nè·ne s.m. TS biochim. pigmento proteico giallo che si forma nella retina dell occhio per azione della luce sulla rodopsina Sinonimi: retinale. {{line}} {{/line}} DATA: 1938 …   Dizionario italiano

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