2004 Australian embassy bombing

Infobox terrorist attack
title=2004 Australian embassy bombing


caption=The Australian flag continues to fly in front of a neighbouring building devastated by the bomb.
location=coord|6|13|5.4|S|106|49|52|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title|name=Jakarta Embassy Bombing
Jakarta, Indonesia
target=Australian embassy
date=September 9, 2004
time=10:30AM
timezone=UTC +7
type=car bombing
fatalities=9
injuries=>150
perps=Islamist terrorists, Jemaah IslamiyahThe 2004 Australian embassy bombing took place on September 9, 2004 in Jakarta, Indonesia.

A one-tonne car bomb, which was packed into a small Daihatsu delivery van, exploded outside the Australian embassy at Kuningan District, South Jakarta, at about 10:30 local time (03:30 UTC), killing 9 people including the suicide bomber, and wounding over 150 others. It gutted the Greek Embassy on the 12th floor of an adjacent building, where three diplomats there were slightly wounded. [cite news |last=Dillon |first=Paul |title=Blast rocks Jakarta near Australian Embassy |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2004-09-08-indonesia-blast_x.htm |work=USA Today |date=2004-09-09 |accessdate=2007-03-21] Damage to the nearby Chinese embassy was also reported. Numerous office buildings surrounding the embassy were also damaged by the blast, which shattered windows in buildings convert|500|m|yd|-2 away, injuring many workers inside, mostly by broken glass.

A dispute ensued as to how many civilians lost their lives after the explosion: local health authorities in Jakarta reported 9 deaths, compared to 11 deaths reported by Australian officials. Nonetheless, all Australians working at the embassy were reported alive. Among the victims killed were embassy security guard Anton Sujarwo, 23, and four Indonesian policemen on duty at the embassy. The rest were civilians, including the embassy gardener, Suryadi, 34, two embassy workers, a visa applicant, and a pedestrian.

Reactions

Australian Prime Minister John Howard expressed his "utter dismay at this event" and Foreign Minister Alexander Downer said, "this was aimed at the Australian Embassy, there's no question of that" and that the investigators' "suspicions turn to Jemaah Islamiah".It is unclear whether the incident was intended to influence either of the two upcoming regional elections: the final stage of the Indonesian presidential elections scheduled for 20 September, or the Australian elections scheduled for 9 October. [cite news |last=Bowden |first=Rich |title=Jakarta Embassy Bombing Re-Focuses Election Campaigns |url=http://www.worldpress.org/Asia/1936.cfm |publisher=World Press Review |date=2004-09-13 |accessdate=2007-03-21]

The then Australian Opposition Leader Mark Latham said "The terrorists responsible for this attack are evil and barbaric and must be dealt with as harshly as possible and as quickly as possible" and committed the Labor Party's "full support to all efforts by the Australian and Indonesian governments to ensure that happens".

A grainy photograph of a white delivery van suspected of carrying the bomb and the attackers was released by Indonesian police. Minister Downer claimed that a mobile phone text message was sent to Indonesian authorities about 45 minutes before the bomb detonated, warning of attacks unless the leader of Jemaah Islamiah Abu Bakar Bashir was released, and said that the warning was not delivered to the Australian Federal Police until several hours after the bombing. Indonesian police denied receiving such a message. [http://www.newsday.com/news/nationworld/world/ny-woindo113963252sep11,0,6827362.story?coll=ny-worldnews-headlines (Newsday)] dead link |date=June 2008

This was the third recent major attack involving Australians or Australian targets in Indonesia, after the 2002 Bali terrorist bombing, and the 2003 J.W. Marriott Hotel bombing. The executors of that attack, Jemaah Islamiyah, were also head suspects for this bombing.

Investigation

The attack has been claimed by Jemaah Islamiyah, [cite news |last=Ressa |first=Maria |title=JI 'claims Jakarta car bombing' |url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/09/09/indonesia.blast/ |publisher=CNN.com |date=2004-09-09 |accessdate=2008-06-03] an organisation which has also claimed responsibility for multiple attacks including the 2002 Bali bombing and alleged to have links with al-Qaeda. An Islamist web site, www.islamic-minbar.com, posted a statement by Jemaah Islamiyah saying:

quote|We decided to settle accounts with Australia, one of the worst enemies of God and Islam, ... and a mujahideen brother succeeded in carrying out a martyr operation with a car bomb against the Australian embassy...

It is the first of a series of attacks. ... We advise Australians in Indonesia to leave this country or else we will transform it into a cemetery for them.

We advise the Australian government to withdraw its troops from Iraq. If our demand is not satisfied, we will deal them many painful blows. The lines of booby-trapped cars will have no end.

Our jihad (holy war) will continue until the liberation of the land of Muslims.

Jemaah Islamiah in eastern Asia - department of information - Indonesia.|Possibly Jemaah Islamiyah|"The Sydney Morning Herald" [cite news |title=JI claims responsibility for blast |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/Anti-Terror-Watch/JI-claims-responsibility-for-blast-report/2004/09/10/1094530799415.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=2004-09-10 |accessdate=2007-03-21]

Police announced that Azahari Husin, and Noordin Mohammed Top were suspected of being behind the bombing; Azahari was killed in a police raid in November 2005, while as of 2005 Noordin remains on the run.

On October 1 2004, authorities identified the suicide bomber as Heri Golun, based on DNA tests done at the scene.cite news |title=Jemaah Islamiya (JI) attacked Diplomatic target |url=http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=19333 |publisher=CNN.com |date-2004-10-09 |accessdate=2007-03-21] dead link |date=June 2008

On May 5 2006 the International Crisis Group released its [http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf "Asia Report No 114"] entitled "Terrorism in Indonesia". It described the events leading up the attack;

On 5 August, at Noordin’s instructions, Rois set off to retrieve Heri Golun, who had been selected as the suicide bomber, and buy the Daihatsu vehicle that was used in the bombing. He enlisted the help of Irun Hidayat in both tasks. From then until 17 August, frantic activity moving the principals, purchasing additional materials for the bombs and raising funds – alternated with lulls, when the operatives went to Internet cafes to pass the time. On 17 August, Noordin asked Rois to check on Heri Golun’s state of mind. When Heri said he was ready, he moved into the house where Noordin and Azhari were and slept in their room at night, so they could give him additional religious counselling. On 23 August, Rois started to teach Heri Golun how to drive, and on 9 September, the new driver blew himself in front of the Australian embassy.

In March 2005, Irun Hidayat was charged with being an accessory by giving money to one of the bombing's perpetrators and providing housing after the attack for Azahari and Noordin. cite news |title=Man jailed over Jakarta bombing |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4703137.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=2005-07-21 |accessdate=2008-06-03] On July 21, he was convicted of being an accessory by providing a house to Azahari and Noordin, but not to having planned the September attack, and was sentenced to three years in jail. Hidayat was the first man to stand trial related to the embassy bombing. According to the ICG report:

Irun Hidayat was also a central figure. Inducted into Darul Islam by Kang Jaja in 1987 at fifteen, he was in the same class at Serang Islamic High School as Imam Samudra and Heri Hafidin, one of the three owners of CV Sajira. He became a close friend of Rois, and the two went to Ambon in January 2002. Irun became a martial arts instructor in the military training sessions run by Kang Jaja and Rois.Since 1999, Irun also had been the local head of the religious council of the Indonesian Muslim Workers Union (Perserikatan Pekerja Muslim Indonesia, PPIM). He was to call on a fellow unionist to put up the bombers the night before they struck the embassy

Agus Ahmad was also captured and put on trial. He helped one of the core bombers, "Rios", scout for safe houses and transported around 70 kilograms of highly explosive TNT. Arrests in July 2004 near the city of Solo forced Azahari and Noordin to change their base of operations. Agus used a Daihatsu van to move the explosives to his own house in Cianjur, near Jakarta. [cite news |title=Embassy Bombing Suspect To Go On Tria |url=http://www.cageprisoners.com/articles.php?id=5978 |publisher=Cageprisoners |date=2005-03-20 |accessdate=2007-03-21]

References

ee also

* List of terrorist incidents
* 2002 Bali bombing
* 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing
* 2005 Bali bombings

External links

* [http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=worldNews&storyID=6198571 Reuters article]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3639922.stm BBC News article]
* [http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Jakarta-victims-remember-embassy-blast/2005/09/09/1125772688276.html Jakarta victims remember embassy blast]
* [http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf "Terrorism in Indonesia: Noordins Networks"] , International Crisis Group
* [http://www.sais-jhu.edu/bwelsh/BYPolicyPaper.pdf "Combating JI in Indonesia"] Ng Boon Yian
* [http://www.jinsa.org/articles/articles.html/function/view/categoryid/1701/documentid/2720/history/3,2360,655,1701,2720 Jemaah Islamiyah Shown to Have Significant Ties to al Qaeda]