- Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev
Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev ( _ru. Михаил Петрович Лазарев,
November 3 ,1788 —April 11 ,1851 ) was a Russian fleetcommander andexplorer , andAdmiral (1843).Education and early career
Lazarev was a scion of the old Russian nobility from the
Vladimir province [ V.V. Rummel, V.V. Golubtsov, "Rodoslovnyi sbornik russkikh dvorianskikh familii", vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1886, p. 504. The Russian noble family Lazarevs shall not be confused with the Armenian family Lazariants who russified their surname from Lazariants into Lazarevs.] . In 1800, he enrolled in Russia's Naval College. Three years later he was sent to the British fleet, where he would stay for a continuous five-yearnavigation . From 1808 to 1813, Lazarev served in theBaltic Fleet . He took part in theRusso-Swedish War of 1808-1809 andPatriotic War of 1812 .Career as an explorer
Lazarev first circumnavigated the
globe in 1813-1816, aboard the vessel "Suvorov"; the expedition began atKronstadt and reachedAlaska . During this voyage, Lazarev discovered the Suvorov Atoll.As a commander of the ship "Mirny" and
Fabian von Bellingshausen 's deputy on hisworld cruise in 1819-1821, Lazarev took part in the discovery ofAntarctica and numerous islands. OnJanuary 28 1820 the expedition discovered the Antarctic mainland, approaching the Antarctic coast at the coordinates coord|69|21|28|S|2|14|50|W| and seeing ice-fields there.In 1822-1825, Lazarev circumnavigated the globe for the third time on his
frigate "Kreyser", conducting broad research in the fields ofmeteorology andethnography .Wartime commands
In 1826, Lazarev became commander of the ship "Azov", which would sail to the
Mediterranean Sea as a part of asquadron under command ofAdmiral Login Petrovich Geiden and participated in theBattle of Navarino in 1827. Lazarev received the rank ofRear Admiral for his excellence during the battle.In 1828-1829, he was in charge of the
Dardanelles blockade .In 1830, Lazarev returned to Kronstadt and became a commander of naval units of the
Baltic Fleet . Two years later, he was made Chief of Staff of theBlack Sea Fleet .In February-June of 1833, Lazarev led a Russian squadron to the
Bosporus and signed theTreaty of Hunkar-Iskelesi withTurkey . In 1833, Lazarev was appointed Commander of the Black Sea Fleet, the Black Seaport s, and also military governor ofSevastopol and Nikolayev.Influence and legacy
Admiral Lazarev was influential both in technical matters and as a mentor to younger officers. He advocated the creation of a steam-powered fleet, but Russia's technical and economical backwardness was a major hindrance to this. He also tutored a number of the Russian fleet commanders, including
Pavel Nakhimov ,Vladimir Kornilov ,Vladimir Istomin , andGrigory Butakov .An
atoll in thePacific Ocean , capes in theAmur estuary and on theUnimak Island , an island in theAral Sea , abay and a port in theSea of Japan , a settlement nearSochi and other locations bear Lazarev's name.Several ships were named after the Admiral:
* A Light Cruiser ordered for the Imperial Navy in 1914, completed and renamed the
Krasny Kavkaz after the revolution
* ASverdlov class cruiser built in the early 1950's
* The "Kirov" class battlecruiser "Frunze" was renamed "Admiral Lazarev" after thedissolution of the Soviet Union A
minor planet 3660 Lazarev , discovered by Soviet astronomerNikolai Stepanovich Chernykh in 1978 is named after him. [cite book | last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. | coauthors = | title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names | pages = p. 308 | edition = 5th | year = 2003 | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | url = http://books.google.com/books?q=3659+Bellingshausen+1969+TE2 | id = ISBN 3540002383]References and notes
External links
* [http://www.rubricon.com/showbigimg.asp?id=245000212 A map of his Antarctic expedition (in Russian)] , attention - all dates there are Julian
*
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