CD2 (cluster of differentiation 2) is a cell adhesion molecule found on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor. [ [http://www.expasy.org/cgi-bin/niceprot.pl?P06729| Uniprot database entry for CD2 (accession number P06729)] ] PBB_Summary
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Function
It interacts with other adhesion molecules, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3/CD58) in humans, or CD48 in rodents, which are expressed on the surfaces of other cells. [cite journal |author=Wilkins A, Yang W, Yang J |title=Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: from molecular recognition to protein folding and design |journal=Curr Protein Pept Sci |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=367–73 |year=2003 |pmid=14529530 |doi=10.2174/1389203033487063]
In addition to its adhesive properties, CD2 also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule on T and NK cells.[cite journal |author=Yang J, Ye Y, Carroll A, Yang W, Lee H |title=Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: alternatively folded states and structure-function relation |journal=Curr Protein Pept Sci |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–17 |year=2001 |pmid=12369898 |doi=10.2174/1389203013381251] ]Classification
Due to its structural characteristics, CD2 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily; it possesses two immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular portion.References
Further reading
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*cite journal | author=Sayre PH, Reinherz EL |title=Structure and function of the erythrocyte receptor CD2 on human T lymphocytes: a review. |journal=Scand. J. Rheumatol. Suppl. |volume=76 |issue= |pages= 131–44 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2471997 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rouleau M, Mollereau B, Bernard A, "et al." |title=CD2 induced apoptosis of peripheral T cells. |journal=Transplant. Proc. |volume=29 |issue= 5 |pages= 2377–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9270771 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lüscher B |title=Function and regulation of the transcription factors of the Myc/Max/Mad network. |journal=Gene |volume=277 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 1–14 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11602341 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yang JJ, Ye Y, Carroll A, "et al." |title=Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: alternatively folded states and structure-function relation. |journal=Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–17 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12369898 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bell GM, Seaman WE, Niemi EC, Imboden JB |title=The OX-44 molecule couples to signaling pathways and is associated with CD2 on rat T lymphocytes and a natural killer cell line. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=175 |issue= 2 |pages= 527–36 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1346273 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Marie-Cardine A, Maridonneau-Parini I, Ferrer M, "et al." |title=The lymphocyte-specific tyrosine protein kinase p56lck is endocytosed in Jurkat cells stimulated via CD2. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=148 |issue= 12 |pages= 3879–84 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1351089 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hahn WC, Menu E, Bothwell AL, "et al." |title=Overlapping but nonidentical binding sites on CD2 for CD58 and a second ligand CD59. |journal=Science |volume=256 |issue= 5065 |pages= 1805–7 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1377404 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Luzzati AL, Giacomini E, Giordani L, "et al." |title=The antigen-specific induction of normal human lymphocytes in vitro is down-regulated by a conserved HIV p24 epitope. |journal=Immunol. Lett. |volume=33 |issue= 3 |pages= 307–14 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1385321 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ruegg CL, Strand M |title=A synthetic peptide with sequence identity to the transmembrane protein GP41 of HIV-1 inhibits distinct lymphocyte activation pathways dependent on protein kinase C and intracellular calcium influx. |journal=Cell. Immunol. |volume=137 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–13 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1832084 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schraven B, Samstag Y, Altevogt P, Meuer SC |title=Association of CD2 and CD45 on human T lymphocytes. |journal=Nature |volume=345 |issue= 6270 |pages= 71–4 |year= 1990 |pmid= 1970422 |doi= 10.1038/345071a0
*cite journal | author=Samelson LE, Fletcher MC, Ledbetter JA, June CH |title=Activation of tyrosine phosphorylation in human T cells via the CD2 pathway. Regulation by the CD45 tyrosine phosphatase. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=145 |issue= 8 |pages= 2448–54 |year= 1990 |pmid= 1976695 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Luzzati AL, Pugliese O, Giacomini E, "et al." |title=Immunoregulatory effect of a synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of protein p24 of HIV. |journal=Folia Biol. (Praha) |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 71–7 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2111780 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Seed B, Aruffo A |title=Molecular cloning of the CD2 antigen, the T-cell erythrocyte receptor, by a rapid immunoselection procedure. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 10 |pages= 3365–9 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2437578 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Peterson A, Seed B |title=Monoclonal antibody and ligand binding sites of the T cell erythrocyte receptor (CD2). |journal=Nature |volume=329 |issue= 6142 |pages= 842–6 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2444890 |doi= 10.1038/329842a0
*cite journal | author=Sayre PH, Chang HC, Hussey RE, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning and expression of T11 cDNAs reveal a receptor-like structure on human T lymphocytes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 9 |pages= 2941–5 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2883656 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Diamond DJ, Clayton LK, Sayre PH, Reinherz EL |title=Exon-intron organization and sequence comparison of human and murine T11 (CD2) genes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 5 |pages= 1615–9 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2894031 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lang G, Wotton D, Owen MJ, "et al." |title=The structure of the human CD2 gene and its expression in transgenic mice. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=7 |issue= 6 |pages= 1675–82 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2901953 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Leca G, Boumsell L, Fabbi M, "et al." |title=The sheep erythrocyte receptor and both alpha and beta chains of the human T-lymphocyte antigen receptor bind the mitogenic lectin (phytohaemagglutinin) from Phaseolus vulgaris. |journal=Scand. J. Immunol. |volume=23 |issue= 5 |pages= 535–44 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3085210 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sewell WA, Brown MH, Dunne J, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of the human T-lymphocyte surface CD2 (T11) antigen. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=83 |issue= 22 |pages= 8718–22 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3490670 |doi=
External links
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