Great Canfield Castle

Great Canfield Castle

Great Canfield Castle was in the small village of Great Canfield 5 km south-west of Great Dunmow in Essex (gbmapping|TL595179).

The lords of Canfield, the de Veres, built a motte and bailey castle was built on low ground near the River Roding, probably in the late 11th or early 12th century. The keep was constructed of timber. In the 1130s-1140s Aubrey de Vere II or his son the first Earls of Oxford may have diverted a tributary of the river to flood the ditch around the motte; the water was managed by a dam system. Excavations suggest that the moat was 20' 7" deep, 11' lower than the water table. [Fox, "Canfield" "Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society" vol. 16, p. 138]

Only the earthworks now remain.

The Vere lords held at Canfield by two feudal tenures in Domesday Book: as tenant-in-chief of the crown for two hides and as tenant of Count Alan of Brittany, lord of Richmond for one hide. Over time, the Richmond lordship seems to have been forgotten and the Vere Earls of Oxford came to hold all three hides of the king. [Finn, "Great Canfield" Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, 3rd series, vol. 1, p. 186.] The manor roll series survives from Dec. 14, 1346, into the 16th century.

References

* [http://homepage.mac.com/philipdavis/English%20sites/1133.html Great Canfield Castle]
* [http://www.1066.co.nz/library/conqueror/chap11.htm Includes a plan of Great Canfield Castle]


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