SS City of Midland 41

The S.S. "City of Midland 41" was a railroad car ferry serving the Ludington, Michigan, to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, route for the Pere Marquette Railway and its successors from 1941 until 1988.

Railroad car ferry

The vessel was built by Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company in 1940 at a cost of $1.75 million. One of the last coal-burning car ferries on Lake Michigan, she entered service for the Pere Marquette Railway company in March 1941 as the largest Great Lakes ferry ever built. Powered by two Skinner Unaflow steam engines, the "City of Midland 41" was capable of speeds up to convert|20|mph|kn with a cruising speed of convert|17.6|mph|kn.

The "City of Midland 41" was unique for car ferries in that she also contained many amenities for the automobile and passenger traffic that crossed the lake in the warmer summer months. She had an extra passenger deck compared to the other ferries of her time, and frequently would run the Ludington-Manitowoc route during the busy summer months, serving as a moving connector of U.S. Highway 10. Because of her exemplary amenities as well as her size and aesthetic silhouette she was nicknamed the "Queen of the Lakes."

In addition to transporting railroad cars through the World War II years, the "City of Midland 41" also served as a training vessel for United States Coast Guard and United States Navy enlisted sailors, since the vessel's Unaflow engines were similar to those used aboard the sclass|Casablanca|escort carrier.

In 1947 the Pere Marquette Railway was acquired and its assets, including the "City of Midland 41", merged into the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. During the late 1940s through the 1960s the "City of Midland 41" experienced the prime years of her career. In 1952 and 1953, the carferries "Spartan" and "Badger" entered service, the last two railroad car ferries built on the Great Lakes.

Barge conversion

By the mid-1970s, the C&O railroad was seeking to abandon its car ferry routes. Many of the older ferries were retired and sold for scrap, leaving only the "Spartan," "Badger," and "City of Midland 41" as the last three ferries operating. In 1979 the "Spartan" was laid up in Ludington, leaving only two ferries still in operation.

In 1983, the C&O completed the abandonment of its car ferry routes and the three vessels were purchased by Glen Bowden and George Towns, who formed the Michigan-Wisconsin Transportation Company (M-WT). This venture, while keeping the ferries running, was doomed to fail almost from the start. Increased labor costs, combined with improved rail and highway routes through Chicago rendered the ferries obsolete. In 1987, USCG inspections showed that the boiler mounts on the "City of Midland 41" had deteriorated and needed replacement, however these repairs were waived for a year.

Rather than losing the only ferry in service (the "Badger" had been laid-up in 1984), M-WT opted to refurbish the "Badger" and in 1988, the "City of Midland 41" made her last voyage in November of that year. She was laid-up in Ludington's No. 2 1/2 slip. She sat rusting in the harbor for nine years before her fate was decided.

After a 47 year career in which she carried approximately 1 million railroad cars and sailed 3.5 million miles, it was determined that the "City of Midland 41" would would be converted to a barge. She was towed out of Ludington harbor on October 1 1997 and had her superstructure reduced on November 7.

The "City of Midland 41" can be seen today as the deck barge "Pere Marquette 41," that makes its home port in Ludington, Michigan.

References

* Chavez, Art. Images of America: S.S. City of Midland 41. Arcadia Publishing, Chicago, 2004.
* Chavez, Art. Images of America: S.S. Badger- The Lake Michigan Car Ferry. Arcadia Publishing, Chicago, 2003.