Habenaria

Taxobox
name = Habenaria

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image_width = 250px
image_caption = "Habenaria rhodocheila"
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Liliopsida
ordo = Asparagales
familia = Orchidaceae
genus = "Habenaria"
genus_authority = Willd.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = Over 800, see text
range_

range_map_width =
range_map_caption =

"Habenaria", commonly called bog orchids, are a far ranging genus of orchid, one of approximately 800 described Orchidaceae genera within that large and diverse family. There are species in both tropical and temperate zones.

Description

"Habenaria" species have small to large underground root tubers and erect stems 20 to 80 cm in length. Leaves are lanceolate or ovate, and are borne either along the stem (cauline) or only at the base (basal). When basal, leaves lie flat on the ground. Flowers are mostly green, white, yellow and green, or white and green, but a few exceptions have brilliant red flowers . The column is frequently complicated, with long organs sticking out of it (stigma processes, lateral rostellum arms, anther canals) . The plant is a perennial deciduous, with the entire above-ground part of the plant dying back each year.

Cultivation

"Habenaria" are rarely found in collections of living plants.

Plants are best grown in deep pots (e.g. 20 cm depth, place tubers at 10 cm depth) in a well drained medium consisting of 50% river sand, 40% leaf mulch and 10% vermiculite. Plants are best grown in a temperate environment with 50-70% shading and excellent ventilation.

Regular watering should be given during the growth season, from spring to autumn. As soon as autumn cooling sets in reduce watering to once every two weeks. During cold winter months do not water. It is, however, vital to watch that the medium does not dehydrate completely. To prevent this drench the pot occasionally and allow to dry. Do not keep the medium damp. Only after new shoots emerge at the end of winter commence with watering once every two weeks for the spring season and once or twice a week as required for the summer season.

A slow release fertilizer can be applied during spring. Aphids can be a problem and should be watched for and eliminated.

pecies

*"H. arenaria" (Dune Orchid)
*"H. clavata"
*"H. dilitata "(White Bog Orchid)
*"H. dives"
*"H. dregeana"
*"H. epipactidea"
*"H. falcicornis"
*"H. floribunda"
*"H. laevigata"
*"H. lithophila"
*"H. malacophylla"
*"H. marginata" (Rein Orchid)
*"H. quinqueseta" (Longhorn Bog Orchid)
*"H. radiata"
*"H. schimperiana"

References

* [http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantnop/orchids/habenaria.htm South Africa National Biodiversity Institute]
* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HAFL8 USF Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants]
* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Habenaria%20Orchid.html Flowers of India]