Technische Hochschule

Technische Hochschule (acronym "TH") is, what an "Institute of Technology" (i.e. a university focusing on engineering sciences) used to be called in German speaking countries, before most of them changed their name to Technische Universität (acronym: "TU") in the 1970s.

This has to do with the fact, that in the Middle Ages, an educational institution was called a (medieval) university only if a certain classical of subjects was taught (including, of course, philosophy, medicine, law and theology).

In modern times, other subjects, namely engineering sciences became more important — but still, institutions of tertiary education focusing on these and not offering the classical canon were denied the prestigious denomination "university", so they had to use the general word "Hochschule" (higher school, i.e. school for tertiary education).

A major break-through was hence, when, in the first half of the 20th century, Technische Hochschulen in Germany were given the right to award the doctor degree, and later, they were allowed to call themselves universities — in accordance with the usual distinction that defines a "university" as an institution of tertiary education that can grant doctorates.

Some THs, however, preferred to maintain their traditional and established names, most notably the RWTH Aachen and the two THs in Switzerland (ETH Zurich and EPF Lausanne).