Provisions of Oxford

Provisions of Oxford

The Provisions of Oxford were installed in 1258 by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester; these documents are often regarded as England's first written constitution. The provisions forced King Henry III of England to accept a new form of government in which power was placed in the hands of a council of 15 members who were to supervise ministerial appointments, local administration and the custody of royal castles. Parliament, meanwhile, which was to meet three times a year, would monitor the performance of this council. Its significance was that, for the first time, the English Crown was forced to recognize the rights and powers of Parliament.

A written confirmation of the agreement was sent to the sheriffs of all the counties of England in Latin, French and, significantly, in Middle English. The use of the English language was symbolic of the "Anglicisation" of the government of England and an antidote to the Francization which had taken place in the decades immediately before (see entry on Henry III of England). The Provisions were the first English government document to be published in English since the Norman Conquest two hundred years before. [ [http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/4208/?letter=E&spage=5 English and its Historical Development, Part 20 (English was re-established in Britain) ] ]

The Provisions of Oxford were replaced the next year in 1259 by the Provisions of Westminster. These Provisions were overthrown by Henry, helped by a papal bull, in 1261, which seeded the start of the Second Barons' War (1263-1267), which the King won. In 1266 it was annulled for the last time by the Dictum of Kenilworth.

The availability of a broader collection of writs transferred business to the Common Law Courts in London, and aroused so much resentment that in 1258 the Provisions of Oxford provided that no further expansion of the writ system would be allowed.

Related Links

* Quia Emptores
* Cestui que
* Henry de Bracton

References

External links

* [http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Provisions_Of_Oxford 1911 Encyclopedia - Provisions of Oxford]
* [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/M/monarchy/documents/provisions_t.html Provisions of Oxford]


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  • Provisions of Oxford — Die Provisions of Oxford (deutsch: Bestimmungen von Oxford bzw. Provisionen von Oxford) vom Juni 1258 und die Provisions of Westminster von 1259 waren ein Reformprogramm, das dem englischen Hochadel weitgehende Rechte gegenüber dem König und zur… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Provisions of Oxford — Those enactments of the English Parliament passed to prevent Henry the Third from interfering with the enforcement of Magna Charta …   Ballentine's law dictionary

  • OXFORD (PROVISIONS D’) — OXFORD PROVISIONS D’ (1258) Ensemble de textes législatifs et de mémoires rédigés par un comité de vingt quatre membres réunis en parlement pour réformer le royaume et dont la moitié était nommée par le roi, l’autre par les grands féodaux.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Provisions of Westminster — Die Provisions of Oxford (deutsch: Bestimmungen von Oxford bzw. Provisionen von Oxford) vom Juni 1258 und die Provisions of Westminster von 1259 waren ein Reformprogramm, das dem englischen Hochadel weitgehende Rechte gegenüber dem König und zur… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Provisions of Westminster — The Provisions of Westminster of 1259 were part of a series of legislative constitutional reforms which arose out of power struggles between Henry III of England and his barons. The king s failed campaigns in France (in 1230 and 1242), and his… …   Wikipedia

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  • Oxford, Provisions of — (1258) Plan of reform accepted by Henry III of England. On the verge of bankruptcy, Henry asked Parliament for a grant of revenue and agreed in return to a program of reform drafted by a royal commission. Regarded as England s first written… …   Universalium

  • Oxford — This article is about the city of Oxford in England. For other cities and other meanings, see Oxford (disambiguation). Oxford   City   …   Wikipedia

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