Carterfone

The Carterfone is a device invented by Thomas Carter. It connects a two-way mobile radio system to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).

The device was acoustically, but not electrically, connected to the Public Switched Telephone Network. It was electrically connected to the base station of the mobile radio system, and got its power from the base station. All the electrical parts were encased in bakelite. When someone on the radio wished to speak to someone on phone, or "landline" (eg, "Central dispatch, patch me through to McGarrett"), the station operator at the base would dial the number. When callers on the radio and on the telephone are both in contact with the base station operator, the handset of the operator's telephone is placed on a cradle in the Carterfone device. A voice control circuit in the Carterfone automatically switches on the radio transmitter when the telephone caller is speaking; when he stops speaking, the radio returns to a receiving condition. A separate speaker is attached to the Carterfone to allow the base station operator to monitor the conversation, adjust the voice volume, and hang up his telephone when the conversation has ended.

This particular device was involved in a landmark United States regulatory decision related to telecommunications. The 1968 Federal Communications Commission allowed the Carterfone and other devices to be connected directly to the AT&T network, as long as they did not cause damage to the system. This ruling (13 F.C.C.2d 420) created the possibility of selling devices that could connect to the phone system using a protective coupler, and opened the market to customer owned equipment.

In February 2007, a petition was filed with the FCC by Skype, requesting the FCC to apply the Carterfone regulations to the wireless industry - which would mean that OEMs, portals and others will be able to offer wireless devices and services without the cellular operators needing to approve the handsets. However, on 1 April 2008 the FCC chairman indicated that he would oppose Skype's request. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20080401/wr_nm/telecoms_cita_skype_fcc_dc_1]

ee also

*Hush-a-Phone v. FCC
*Modem
*Cordless telephone

References

* [http://www.uiowa.edu/~cyberlaw/FCCOps/1968/13F2-420.html Full text of FCC Carterfone decision]
* [http://files.ctia.org/pdf/Skype_Wireless_Device_Petition_2-20-07.pdf Full text of Skype petition]

External links

* [http://www.cybertelecom.org/ci/cpe.htm Cybertelecom :: Customer Premise Equipment] - FCC Regulations concerning attachment and marketing of CPE
* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=12344564 Timeline from NPR]
* [http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/carterfone-40-years.ars ArsTechnica: Any lawful device - 40 years after the Carterfone decision (includes picture of the Carterfone)]