- Béla Imrédy
Béla
vitéz Imrédy de Ómoravicza (December 29 ,1891 -February 28 ,1946 ) wasPrime Minister of Hungary from 1938 to 1939.Born in
Budapest to aCatholic family, Imrédy studied law as a young man before he started working for the Hungarian Ministry of Finance. Eventually becoming a skilled economist and financier, Imrédy was made Director of the Hungarian National Bank in 1928. In 1932, he was appointedMinister of Finance under the fascist Prime MinisterGyula Gömbös . After resigning in 1935, Imrédy became President of the Hungarian National Bank. Extremely ambitious, Imrédy was known to holdright wing views on matters of domestic and social policy. On matters of foreign policy, Imrédy was pro-British, a sentiment which was to help him gain the position of Minister of Economic Coordination under Prime MinisterKálmán Darányi . When Darányi resigned in May of 1938, Imrédy was appointedprime minister byRegent Miklós Horthy . Imrédy’s attempts to improveHungary ’s diplomatic relations withEngland initially made him very unpopular withGermany andItaly . Imrédy realized that he could not afford to alienate Germany and Italy on a long term basis, however, and in the autumn of 1938 his foreign policy became very much pro-German and pro-Italian. Imrédy also worked to gain a base of power in Hungarian right wing politics, founding the Movement of Hungarian Life. He was quick to suppress any rivals in his quest for power, and influentialfascists such asFerenc Szálasi were harassed by Imrédy’s administration. As Imrédy drifted further to the right, he proposed that the government be reorganized alongtotalitarian lines and enacted legislation that restricted the freedom of the press and caused manyJews to suffer economically.In February of 1939, Imrédy’s moderate political opponents, angered at his growing compliancy to Germany and Hungary’s right wing, presented evidence to Regent Horthy that suggested Imrédy had Jewish ancestors. When Horthy confronted Imrédy with the evidence, Imrédy could not deny the claims about his heritage and resigned the premiership on
February 13 ,1939 . Imrédy served in the Hungarian Army for a time in 1940, and in October of that year he founded the pro-fascist,Anti-Semitic Party of Hungarian Renewal. When German troops occupied Hungary in 1944, Imrédy was GermanPlenipotentiary Edmund Veesenmayer ’s top choice to replaceMiklós Kállay as prime minister. Miklós Horthy could not be swayed to accept the idea, however, andDöme Sztójay was made prime minister instead. Imrédy became Sztójay’s Minister of Economic Coordination in May 1944, but he was forced to resign in August. After German forces were driven out of Hungary, Imrédy was arrested and tried by a People’s Tribunal in November of 1945. Found guilty of war crimes and collaboration with theNazis , he was sentenced to death and executed by a firing squad in the courtyard of the Marko jail in Budapest in 1946.
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