Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church

The Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church ( _uk. Українська Автономна Православна Церква) was a short-lived Ukrainian church that existed at the time when the Ukraine was occupied by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.

History

The church was established on August 18 1941, by a synod of Ukrainian bishops in Pochaiv Lavra headed by Archbishop Oleksiy (Hromadsky) of Lutsk, who became the new church's metropolitan.

The church's founders announced their intention to achieve Autocephalous status for the Ukrainian Church but rejected the path towards autocephaly adopted by the renewed Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, declaring it uncanocical and unilateralist, as it had simply announced its independence. As such, the new church was proclaimed under the canonical link to the Moscow Patriarchate and invoked the 1918 decision of the Russian Orthodox Church that granted autonomy to the Ukrainian Church. At the same time, the bishops rejected the idea of the Ukraine being the canonical territory of the Polish Orthodox Church, although the Polish Orthodox Metropolitan Dionysius continued to claim jurisdiction over the Western Ukrainian territories formerly controlled by Poland between the World Wars.

The UAOC's influence spread from Volhynia to the Dnieper Ukraine, where several parishes and monasteries joined the church, including the Kiev Pechersk Lavra, the cradle of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in the region. The spread of the church brought about a fierce rivalry within the church, which was suppressed by the Soviet authorities but revived under the German occupation. Metropolitan Oleksiy and Bishop Mstyslav of the Autocephalous Church attempted unification of the two churches, and an Act of Unity was signed in Pochaiv on October 8 1942. Under the pressure from his synod of bishops, Oleksiy later renounced the union, withdrawing his signature, and on May 7 1943 he was murdered, it is said by nationalists from the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, who saw this as an act of treason.

After the murder of Metropolitan Oleksiy, the church was led by Archbishop Pamteleymon (Rudyk) and the relationship with the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church remained tense throughout 1943-1944, by which time the Red Army offensive pushed the German invaders out of Ukraine.

Upon the liberation of Ukraine from Nazi occupation, the Ukraine Autonomous Orthodox Church's hierarchs joined the Russian Orthodox Church, with those outside of the USSR joining the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia.

ee also

*History of Christianity in Ukraine

References

*Kubiyovych, Volodymyr, Kuzelia, Zenon. "Encyclopedia Ukrainoznavstva" (Encyclopedia of Ukrainian studies), 3 volumes. Kiev (1994). ISBN 5-7702-0554-7
*Н. Г. Стоколос, " [http://www.history.org.ua/journal/2004/3/8.pdf Конфесійна політика окупаційної адміністрації рейхскомісаріату "Україна" в 1941-1942 pp.] ", "Ukrainian Historical Journal", 2004, № З, 91-111, ISSN|0130-5247
*Wassilij Alexeev and Theofanis G. Stavrou, "The great revival : the Russian Church under German occupation", Minneapolis: Burgess Pub. Co., 1976, ISBN 0808701312.
** [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0036-0341(197801)37%3A1%3C100%3ATGRTRC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-S Review] by John S. Curtiss, "Russian Review", Vol. 37, No. 1 (Jan., 1978), pp. 100-102
*Orest Subtelny, "Ukraine: a history", University of Toronto Press (2000), ISBN 0802083900, pp. 464-465.
*Timothy L. Smith, "Refugee Orthodox Congregations in Western Europe, 1945-1948", "Church History", Vol. 38, No. 3. (Sep., 1969), pp. 312-326.