Countries bordering the European Union

Countries bordering the European Union

This is a list of countries bordering the European Union, and its predecessor the European Communities, both at its current geographical extent and after all previous rounds of enlargement.

Contents

2007 to present

  EU Member states
  Direct neighbors of the EU
  EU extended neighborhood (EaP, UfM, ENPI) and current Enlargement agenda
  enclaved by EU extended neighborhood or bordering current enlargement agenda states
Northern and Eastern border of the EU, north to south:
  •  Norway (bordering Sweden and Finland)
  •  Russia (bordering Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Poland)
  •  Belarus (bordering Latvia, Lithuania and Poland)
  •  Ukraine (bordering Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania)
  •  Moldova (bordering Romania)
Southeastern border of the EU:
Western Balkans:
Territories enclaved by EU territory:
Bordering Cyprus: [note 1]
Bordering Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering the French Collectivity of Saint Martin: [note 2]

2004 to 2007

Northern and Eastern border of the EU, north to south:
  •  Norway (bordering Sweden and Finland)
  •  Russia (bordering Finland, Estonia and Latvia; see also the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave)
  •  Belarus (bordering Latvia, Lithuania and Poland)
  •  Ukraine (bordering Poland, Slovakia and Hungary)
  •  Romania (bordering Hungary)
  •  Serbia and Montenegro, subsequently Serbia (bordering Hungary)
  •  Croatia (bordering Hungary and Slovenia)
Bordering Greece:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering Cyprus: [note 1]
Bordering Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1995 to 2004

Bordering Sweden and Finland:
  •  Norway (bordering Sweden and Finland)
  •  Russia (bordering Finland)
Eastern border of central EU, north to south:
Bordering Greece:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1990 to 1995

Eastern border of the EC/EU, north to south:
Bordering Greece:
Enclaves within EC/EU territory:
Bordering Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1986 to 1990

Eastern border of the EC, north to south:
Bordering Greece:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1981 to 1986

Southern French border:
Eastern border of the EC, north to south:
Bordering Greece:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering Gibraltar:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1973 to 1981

Southern French border:
Eastern border of the EC, north to south:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering Gibraltar:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

1958 to 1973

Southern French border:
Northern border of the Federal Republic of Germany:
Eastern border of the EC, north to south:
Enclaves within EU territory:
Bordering French Algeria,[note 3] clockwise:
Bordering French Guiana: [note 2]
Bordering Guadeloupe: [note 2]

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Although the whole of Cyprus became part of the European Union on 1 May 2004, the EU's acquis communautaire only applies to the southern part of the island which is under the effective control of the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus. Northern Cyprus has been outside the control of the Republic of Cyprus since the Turkish invasion of 1974 and is therefore de facto not part of the EU. The 2004 Annan Plan for Cyprus which sought to reunify the island before EU accession was accepted by Turkish Cypriots but rejected by Greek Cypriots.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p French Guiana and Guadeloupe are French overseas departments (since 2003 also additionally overseas regions) and as such are fully part of France and the EU. In 2007 Saint Martin broke off from Guadeloupe, but remained part of the EU. The Netherlands Antilles bordered the European Union here until its dissolution, upon which Sint Maarten bordered the EU.
  3. ^ French Algeria gained independence from France (and thus left the EU) in 1962.
  4. ^ a b c Mali, Mauritania, and Niger were part of French West Africa until independence in 1960.

See also

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