Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger

Infobox_Scientist
name = Johann (Johan) Schweigger

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caption = Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger
birth_date = birth date|1779|4|8|mf=y
birth_place = Erlangen, Brandenburg-Bayreuth
death_date = death date and age|1857|9|6|1779|4|8|mf=y
death_place = Halle, Prussian Saxony
field = Physicist, chemist and mathematician
work_institution = Gymnasium of Bayreuth
Polytechnic School of Nuremberg
University of Halle
alma_mater = University of Erlangen
doctoral_advisor = Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt
doctoral_students = Wilhelm Eduard Weber
Rudolf Clausius
known_for = First galvanometer
prizes =
religion =
footnotes = Note that Schweigger's doctorate was in the area of classics under Franz August Wolf, but his key scietific mentor was Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt.

Johan(n) Salomo Christoph Schweigger (April 8, 1779 – September 6, 1857) was a German chemist, physicist, and professor of mathematics at the Gymnasium of Bayreuth in 1803, at the Polytechnic School of Nuremberg in 1819, and the University of Halle sometime in 1820. The first galvanometer was built in Germany by Schweigger in 1820. He used Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism for his invention. Schweigger developed the galvanometer as a tool for measuring the strength and direction of electric current. Schweigger named this instrument in honour of Luigi Galvani. It is the first sensitive instrument for measuring and detecting small amounts of electricity.

Schweigger was born in Erlangen, Brandenburg-Bayreuth. He was educated at the University of Erlangen, where he received his PhD degree in 1800. His PhD thesis was on the subject of Homeric Odes and was carried out under the philosopher Franz August Wolf. Schweigger was, however, later converted to a career in science and mathematics by the chemist/physicist Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt, the mathematician/engineer Karl Christian Langsdorff, and the astronomer Johann Tobias Mayer. His major academic career was served at the University of Halle between 1820 and 1857. He started the "Journal for Chemistry and Physics" ("Jahrbuch für Chemie und Physik") in 1811, and continued coediting it until 1828 (54 volumes) when he changed its title to "Annales de chemie et de physique". He published several critiques of Volta's theory of metal contact in animal electricity in the journal.

In 1811 Schweigger proposed name "Chlorine." The halogen Chlorine was discovered by Humphry Davy on July 12, 1810, but it was called "Humphry Davy" that time.